The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the assessment of frontal function: A validation study with event-related potentials

Barceló, Francisco; Sanz, Marta; Molina, Vicente; Rubia, Francisco J.

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(96)00096-6

Cited by 87 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Since Milner's report (1963) the specific relationship between perseverative behaviour and deficiencies in frontal cortex functioning has been confirmed many times (e.g. Barcelo et al, 1997;Barcelo & Santome-Calleja, 2000;Drewe, 1974;Stuss & Benson, 1984). Recent neuroimaging studies also suggest that overcoming perseverative tendencies correlates with activity in prefrontal regions (Nagahama, Okina, Suzuki, Nabatame, & Matsuda, 2005).…”

Section: Learned Irrelevance and A Visual Learning Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…forming hypotheses concerning the new rule), inability to shift attentional set (the configuration of appropriate task sets to test these hypotheses and the suppression of no-longer-relevant task sets), or deficient monitoring of performance (Ridderinkhof, Span, & van der Molen, 2002). As for the neural correlates of perseverative behaviour, it appears to be a general consensus in clinical studies, experimental neuropsychology and cognitive neuroimaging that perseverative behaviour mainly reflects inefficient prefrontal function (see Barcelo, Sanz, Molina, & Rubia, 1997 for a review). Brenda Milner (1963) was the first author to link poor WCTS performance with circumscribed DLPFC lesions rather than OFC or more posterior lesions.…”

Section: Learned Irrelevance and A Visual Learning Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intelligence and Cognitive Control

Chuderski

Nęcka²

2010

Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Learned Irrelevance and A Visual Learning Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Learned Irrelevance and A Visual Learning Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligence and Cognitive Control

Chuderski

Nęcka²

2010

Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Neuroimaging studies have shown increased activity in brain areas other than the PFC that have traditionally been linked to executive functions. Some of these studies using the WCST, for example, have shown activation in lateral prefrontal, parietal, temporal, and hippocampal cortex, as well as in the basal ganglia (Rezai et al, 1993;Berman et al, 1995;Nagahama et al, 1995;Barceló et al, 1997;Barceló and Rubia, 1998;Konishi et al, 1998;Mentzel et al, 1998;Ragland et al, 1998). In other neuroimaging studies using the Stroop test, orbitofrontal, parietal, temporal, left inferior frontal, as well as anterior cingulate gyrus seemed to be involved (Bench et al, 1993;Larrue et al, 1994;Pardo et al, 1990).…”

Section: Fmri Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Neural Circuitry of Executive Functions in Healthy Subjects and Parkinson's Disease

Leh

Petrides

Strafella

2009

Neuropsychopharmacol

169

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In our constantly changing environment, we are frequently faced with altered circumstances requiring generation and monitoring of appropriate strategies, when novel plans of action must be formulated and conducted. The abilities that we call upon to respond accurately to novel situations are referred to as 'executive functions', and are frequently engaged to deal with conditions in which routine activation of behavior would not be sufficient for optimal performance. Here, we summarize important findings that may help us understand executive functions and their underlying neuronal correlates. We focus particularly on observations from imaging technology, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, position emission tomography, diffusion tensor imaging, and transcranial magnetic stimulation, which in the past few years have provided the bulk of information on the neurobiological underpinnings of the executive functions. Further, emphasis will be placed on recent insights from Parkinson's disease (PD), in which the underlying dopaminergic abnormalities have provided new exciting information into basic molecular mechanisms of executive dysfunction, and which may help to disentangle the cortical/subcortical networks involved in executive processes.

show abstract

“…The performance of the set-shifting paradigm is known to be characteristically impaired by lesions in the lateral frontal cortex of both humans (5-10) and monkeys (12,13). Consistent with neuropsychological studies, a number of neuroimaging studies have demonstrated prominent activation in the lateral frontal cortex during the set-shifting paradigm (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Hemispheric asymmetry in human lateral prefrontal cortex during cognitive set shifting

Konishi

Hayashi

Uchida

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

144

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Functional organization of human cerebral hemispheres is asymmetrically specialized, most typically along a verbal͞nonverbal axis. In this event-related functional MRI study, we report another example of the asymmetrical specialization. Set-shifting paradigms derived from the Wisconsin card sorting test were used, where subjects update one behavior to another on the basis of environmental feedback. The cognitive requirements constituting the paradigms were decomposed into two components according to temporal stages of task events. Double dissociation of the component brain activity was found in the three bilateral pairs of regions in the lateral frontal cortex, the right regions being activated during exposure to negative feedback and the corresponding left regions being activated during updating of behavior, to suggest that both hemispheres contribute to cognitive set shifting but in different ways. The asymmetrical hemispheric specialization within the same paradigms further implies an interhemispheric interaction of these task components that achieve a common goal.

show abstract

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the assessment of frontal function: A validation study with event-related potentials

Cited by 87 publications

References 32 publications

Intelligence and Cognitive Control

Intelligence and Cognitive Control

The Neural Circuitry of Executive Functions in Healthy Subjects and Parkinson's Disease

Hemispheric asymmetry in human lateral prefrontal cortex during cognitive set shifting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About