The WiscDsLox T-DNA collection: an arabidopsis community resource generated by using an improved high-throughput T-DNA sequencing pipeline

Woody, Scott; Austin-Phillips, Sandra; Amasino, Richard M.; Krysan, Patrick J.

doi:10.1007/s10265-006-0048-x

Cited by 137 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…PME mutants used are listed in Supplemental Table S1. They are T-DNA insertion lines of the SALK (Alonso et al, 2003), SAIL (Sessions et al, 2002), GABI-Kat (Kleinboelting et al, 2012), WiscDsLox (Woody et al, 2007), or SM_3 (John Innes Center) collections and were obtained from the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center. One pme3 allele (GK002A10) has been studied previously (Raiola et al, 2011), and this allele was referred to as pme3-3 in this study.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis PECTIN METHYLESTERASEs Contribute to Immunity against Pseudomonas syringae

et al. 2013

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Pectins, major components of dicot cell walls, are synthesized in a heavily methylesterified form in the Golgi and are partially deesterified by pectin methylesterases (PMEs) upon export to the cell wall. PME activity is important for the virulence of the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Here, the roles of Arabidopsis PMEs in pattern-triggered immunity and immune responses to the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola and the bacterial hemibiotroph Pseudomonas syringae pv maculicola ES4326 (Pma ES4326) were studied. Plant PME activity increased during pattern-triggered immunity and after inoculation with either pathogen. The increase of PME activity in response to pathogen treatment was concomitant with a decrease in pectin methylesterification. The pathogen-induced PME activity did not require salicylic acid or ethylene signaling, but was dependent on jasmonic acid signaling. In the case of induction by A. brassicicola, the ethylene response factor, but not the MYC2 branch of jasmonic acid signaling, contributed to induction of PME activity, whereas in the case of induction by Pma ES4326, both branches contributed. There are 66 PME genes in Arabidopsis, suggesting extensive genetic redundancy. Nevertheless, selected pme single, double, triple and quadruple mutants allowed significantly more growth of Pma ES4326 than wild-type plants, indicating a role of PMEs in resistance to this pathogen. No decreases in total PME activity were detected in these pme mutants, suggesting that the determinant of immunity is not total PME activity; rather, it is some specific effect of PMEs such as changes in the pattern of pectin methylesterification.The plant cell wall determines cell shape, facilitates cell-cell interaction, and provides mechanical strength to plant cells. De Bary (1886) first observed that a plant pathogen, Sclerotina sclerotiorum, degraded host cell walls during infection. Later, it was concluded that plant cell walls act as preformed structural barriers against pathogen entry, because it was noticed that many plant pathogens produced various types of cell wall-degrading enzymes and that some of those were required for optimal infection of host plants (Albersheim et al., 1969).Arabidopsis mesophyll cells are surrounded by primary cell walls consisting of three major components: cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectins. Pectins make up approximately 50% of Arabidopsis leaf cell walls (Zablackis et al., 1995;Harholt et al., 2010). They are complex GalA-containing polysaccharides composed of homogalacturonan (HG), rhamnogalacturonan I and II, and xylogalacturonan (Mohnen, 2008). HG is typically the most abundant polysaccharide, constituting approximately 65% of the pectin (Mohnen, 2008;Harholt et al., 2010). HG is a linear homopolymer of 1,4-linked GalA and is synthesized in the Golgi in a highly methylesterified form (Caffall and Mohnen, 2009). Pectin methylesterases (PMEs) demethylesterify HG in the apoplast (Mohnen, 2008;Harholt et al., 2010). Demethylesterification of pectin is considered t...

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Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis PECTIN METHYLESTERASEs Contribute to Immunity against Pseudomonas syringae

et al. 2013

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“…Salk_091578C (Alonso et al, 2003) and WiscDsLox489-492G6 (Woody et al, 2007) and Col wild type were obtained from the Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre. Homozygous null mutants were identified by PCR/RT-PCR using the primers listed in Supplemental Table S1.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Mutant Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phloem-Specific Methionine Recycling Fuels Polyamine Biosynthesis in a Sulfur-Dependent Manner and Promotes Flower and Seed Development

et al. 2015

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The Yang or Met Cycle is a series of reactions catalyzing the recycling of the sulfur (S) compound 59-methylthioadenosine (MTA) to Met. MTA is produced as a by-product in ethylene, nicotianamine, and polyamine biosynthesis. Whether the Met Cycle preferentially fuels one of these pathways in a S-dependent manner remained unclear so far. We analyzed Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants with defects in the Met Cycle enzymes 5-METHYLTHIORIBOSE-1-PHOSPHATE-ISOMERASE1 (MTI1) and DEHYDRATASE-ENOLASE-PHOSPHATASE-COMPLEX1 (DEP1) under different S conditions and assayed the contribution of the Met Cycle to the regeneration of S for these pathways. Neither mti1 nor dep1 mutants could recycle MTA but showed S-dependent reproductive failure, which was accompanied by reduced levels of the polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in mutant inflorescences. Complementation experiments with external application of these three polyamines showed that only the triamine spermine could specifically rescue the S-dependent reproductive defects of the mutant plants. Furthermore, expressing gene-reporter fusions in Arabidopsis showed that MTI1 and DEP1 were mainly expressed in the vasculature of all plant parts. Phloem-specific reconstitution of Met Cycle activity in mti1 and dep1 mutant plants was sufficient to rescue their S-dependent mutant phenotypes. We conclude from these analyses that phloem-specific S recycling during periods of S starvation is essential for the biosynthesis of polyamines required for flowering and seed development.

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“…T-DNA insertion lines WiscDsLoxHs053_08G (focl1-1; Woody et al, 2007) and SK5131 (focl1-2; Robinson et al, 2009) were obtained from NASC, Nottingham, UK. Plants were confirmed as homozygous for the insertion by PCR verification with primers WiscDsLoxHs053_08G, 59-GAGCCATCAGCTTGTTCTCAC-39 and 59-TGTT CATGTCCCTCTGGAATG-39, or SK5131, 59-GCTTCCACCATTGCCTCAAA-39 and 59-TGTTCATGTCCCTCTGGAATG-39.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of the Stomatal Outer Cuticular Ledge Requires a Guard Cell Wall Proline-Rich Protein

et al. 2017

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(K.S.); 0000-0002-6438-9188 (R.S.); 0000-0002-9703-0745 (A.J.F.); 0000-0001-9972-5156 (J.E.G.).Stomata are formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to withstand the large increases in turgor pressure that have to be generated to open the pore that they surround. We have characterized FOCL1, a guard cell-expressed, secreted protein with homology to Hyp-rich cell wall proteins. FOCL1-GFP localizes to the guard cell outer cuticular ledge and plants lacking FOCL1 produce stomata without a cuticular ledge. Instead the majority of stomatal pores are entirely covered over by a continuous fusion of the cuticle, and consequently plants have decreased levels of transpiration and display drought tolerance. The focl1 guard cells are larger and less able to reduce the aperture of their stomatal pore in response to closure signals suggesting that the flexibility of guard cell walls is impaired. FOCL1 is also expressed in lateral root initials where it aids lateral root emergence. We propose that FOCL1 acts in these highly specialized cells of the stomata and root to impart cell wall strength at high turgor and/or to facilitate interactions between the cell wall and the cuticle.

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The WiscDsLox T-DNA collection: an arabidopsis community resource generated by using an improved high-throughput T-DNA sequencing pipeline

Cited by 137 publications

References 19 publications

Arabidopsis PECTIN METHYLESTERASEs Contribute to Immunity against Pseudomonas syringae

Arabidopsis PECTIN METHYLESTERASEs Contribute to Immunity against Pseudomonas syringae

Phloem-Specific Methionine Recycling Fuels Polyamine Biosynthesis in a Sulfur-Dependent Manner and Promotes Flower and Seed Development

Formation of the Stomatal Outer Cuticular Ledge Requires a Guard Cell Wall Proline-Rich Protein

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