The Wireless Power Transmission environment from GEO to the earth and numerical estimation of relative permittivity vs. the altitude in the neutral and ionized layers of the Earth atmosphere

Numerical Estimation of the Complex Refractive Indexes by the Altitude Depending on Wave Frequency in the Ionized Region of the Earth Atmosphere for Microwaves Information and Power Transmissions

“…ω is angular frequency of the electromagnetic wave and is chosen at several different values for numerical estimations. The free electron density values (N e ) with altitude, values of field-aligned conductivity (σ F A ) and Pedersen conductivity (σ p ) by altitude have been determined in our previous work [9] from the published graphs and data [25,34] by the fitting procedure (Get data Graph Digitizer) on computer [9]. The determined data of the ionized electron density (N e ) and two kinds of conductivities (field-aligned, and Pedersen) are also shown in work [9].…”

“…As Hall conductivity (σ h ) data are only up to 400 km, their values are small, so in this paper, we only use two kinds of conductivities published [9,25,34]: the parallel field-aligned conductivity (σ F A ) and transverse conductivities-Pedersen conductivity σ p ) for numerical estimations.…”

“…As known, the complex relative dielectric permittivity in the ionized atmospheric region can be written by the following form [9,10,22,23,[26][27][28]:…”

“…In our previous works [7,9,10], some theoretical issues of WPT and numerically estimated data of the relative permittivity (ε r ) by the altitude both in the non-ionized region and in the ionized region have been outlined. Following these works, this paper briefly outlines some theoretical analyses of complex refractive indexes of electromagnetic waves.…”

“…. ), and plasma concentration in the ionosphere region of atmosphere [7][8][9][10][11]. Up to recently, there are a lot of works studying many aspects of ionosphere region such as distribution of electron density, analytical methods, application of the locality principle to radio occultation studies of ionospheric and atmospheric layers from radio occultation data [12,13].…”