The winter choke: Coal-Fired heating, air pollution, and mortality in China

Fan, Maoyong; He, Guojun; Zhou, Maigeng

doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2020.102316

Cited by 175 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…A large number of researches has confirmed the link between high levels of air pollutants and deteriorating health, in both developed countries ( Lavaine and Neidell, 2017 ; Deryugina et al, 2019 ) and developing countries ( Ebenstein et al, 2017 ; Fan et al, 2020 ). Here, we present a brief analysis on the health benefits from the air improvement during the lockdown.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and other databases to identify academic articles and book chapters that meet these criteria, and it could be found that eligible articles in this field are not that rich. Finally, Fan et al (2020) who, through a Regression Discontinuity (RD) analysis, found that a 10-μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 resulted in a 2.2% increase in mortality rate; and He et al (2020) who proposed that this rate can reach over 3.25% through an estimation of the effect of straw burning on air pollution and health are chosen as two main references. We are assuming that the cause-specific coefficient ( RR ) in China is a representative one, thus 2.2%– 3.25% increase in mortality following a 10-μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 is applicable to the whole world.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on global air quality and health

Liu

Wang

Zheng

2021

Science of The Total Environment

162

135

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The COVID-19 pandemic has put much of the world into lockdown, as one unintended upside to this response, the air quality has been widely reported to have improved worldwide. Existing studies examine the environmental effect of lockdowns at a city- or country-level, few examines it from a global perspective. Using a novel COVID-19 government response tracker dataset, combining the daily air pollution data and weather data across 597 major cities worldwide between January 1, 2020, and July 5, 2020, this study quantifies the causal impacts of 8 types of lockdown measures on changes of a range of individual pollutants based on a difference-in-differences design. The results show that the NO 2 air quality index value falls more precipitously (23–37%) relative to the pre-lockdown period, followed by PM 10 (14–20%), SO 2 (2–20%), PM 2.5 (7–16%), and CO (7–11%), but the O 3 increases 10–27%. Furthermore, intra/intercity travel restrictions have a better performance in curbing air pollution. These results are robust to a set of alternative specifications, including different panel sizes, independent variables, estimation strategies. The heterogeneity analysis in terms of different types of cities shows that the lockdown effects are more remarkable in cities from lower-income, more industrialized, and populous countries. We also do a back-of-the-envelope calculation of the subsequent health benefits following such improvement, and the expected averted premature deaths due to air pollution declines are around 99,270 to 146,649 among 76 countries and regions involved in this study during the COVID-19 lockdown. These findings underscore the importance of continuous air pollution control strategies to protect human health and reduce the associated social welfare loss both during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on global air quality and health

Liu

Wang

Zheng

2021

Science of The Total Environment

162

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…If the haze control relies on such temporary regulations, it may worsen the environment in the long run (Shi, Guo, and Chen 2016). Some scholars also study the factors, such as the impact of straw burning, that cause air pollution in the short term (Balwinder-Singh et al 2019;He, Liu, and Zhou 2020) and the deterioration of air quality caused by winter heating in northern China (Chen et al 2013a;2017;Fan, He, and Zhou 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Air Quality: Evidence from China

Ming

Zhou

et al. 2020

Emerging Markets Finance and Trade

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To test the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on air quality, this article matches the city-level real-time air quality monitoring data with the big data on population migration provided by Baidu. The article uses urban samples from the same data sample of the Chinese lunar calendar in 2019 to construct the counterfactual status of the COVID-19 pandemic. Then, the difference-indifferences (DID) model is employed to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on air quality. It is found that the COVID-19 pandemic caused PM2.5 and AQI to decrease by about 7 μg/m 3 and 5-points, respectively.

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“…Finally, two main references are chosen after the article selection. Specially, Fan et al ( 2020 ), in their empirical study based on a regression discontinuity (RD) analysis, found that a 10-μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 would lead to a 2.2% increase in mortality rate. The other one is He et al ( 2020b ), who indicated that this rate could reach over 3.25 percent based on an estimation of the effect of straw burning on air pollution and associated health problem in China.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%