The Wild Rice Locus CTS-12 Mediates ABA-Dependent Stomatal Opening Modulation to Limit Water Loss Under Severe Chilling Stress

Abstract

A near-isogenic line (NIL) DC90 which was generated by introgressing a wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) locus CTS-12 into the 9311(Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) background confers chilling tolerance phenotype. Here, our pilot trials showed that chilling tolerance was positively correlated with abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. To understand how CTS-12 mediated the ABA-dependent multi-levels of regulation, the integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling using the two-way orthogonal projections to latent structures (O2PLS) and discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) modeling was performed to investigate the mechanisms underlying chilling tolerance. Our results revealed that metabolic shifts, including the activation of stachyose biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism pathways, phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthesis, ABA biosynthesis, and perturbation of glycolysis, occurred under chilling treatment; in the recovery period, glutamate-related pathways, β-alanine biosynthesis and degradation, and serotonin biosynthesis pathways were differentiated between 9311 and DC90. Particularly, the differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including galactinol, β-alanine, glutamate, naringenin, serotonin, ABA, and LOC_Os03g44380 (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 3, OsNCED3), might be involved in the chilling tolerance variation of 9311 and DC90. CRISPR/Cas9-edited OsNCED3 resulted in chilling sensitive of japonica rice ZH11, demonstrating the involvement of ABA pathway in chilling stress response. In addition, chilling tolerance of rice was associated with the balance of water uptake and loss that was modulated by stomatal movement under chilling stress. Therefore, we speculated that the CTS-12mediated ABA signaling pathway leads to transcriptional regulation of chilling-responsive genes and, in turn, triggers metabolic shifts to coordinately regulate the stomatal movement of guard cells. The results of this study improve our understanding of the multilevel regulation of wild rice in response to chilling stress.

Mechanisms of the ethanol extract of Gelidium amansii for slow aging in high-fat male Drosophila by metabolomic analysis

“…Stachyose biosynthesis can enhance the production of antioxidant glutamate and has indirectly linked nitrogen metabolism and the TCA cycle, which contributes to the antioxidant status. 40 Niacin is a B-type vitamin that has been reported to be the oldest drug available for lipid modification properties, which treats dyslipidemia. 41 Niacin is synthesized as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide precursor and is administered as an active coenzyme that alters metabolism, boosting cellular respiration.…”

“…Stachyose biosynthesis can enhance the production of antioxidant glutamate and has indirectly linked nitrogen metabolism and the TCA cycle, which contributes to the antioxidant status. 40…”

An Integration of MicroRNA and Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis Reveal Regulatory Roles of miRNAs in Response to Chilling Stress in Wild Rice

“…DC90 exhibited a chilling-tolerance phenotype and had a high survival rate in comparison with its recurrent parent, 9311 ( Figure S1a –d) [ 33 ]. Thus, DC90 was selected for miRNA sequencing to investigate the CTS-12 -mediated miRNAs that may be involved in chilling tolerance regulations in wild rice.…”

“…In this study, osa-miR169i-5p.2, osa-miR169r-3p, and osa-miR169f.2 had significant expression changes under chilling stress in both 9311 and DC90 ( Figure 2 a,b). Our previous study has shown that CTS-12 mediates ABA-dependent regulation at multiple levels in response to chilling stress in wild rice [ 33 ]. Take these together, a regulatory network comprised of CTS-12 , miRNAs, and ABA pathway in response to chilling stress in common wild rice could be proposed in our subsequent study.…”

“…In recent years, despite an increase in the extensive studies on plant miRNAs, knowledge about the roles of miRNAs in response to chilling stress in rice remains to be elucidated. In this study, DC90, a previously developed CSSL that contains the chilling-tolerant wild rice locus CTS-12 [ 33 ], as well as its recurrent parent 9311 (a chilling sensitive variety), were used as materials to explore the differential expression of miRNAs in response to chilling stress and to infer the possible mechanism(s) of CTS-12 -mediated miRNAs that are involved in chilling tolerance regulations in Guangxi common wild rice.…”