The wider economic impacts of high-skilled migrants: a survey of the literature for receiving countries

Abstract

In recent years, the economics of migration literature has shown a substantial growth in papers exploring host country impacts beyond the labour market. Specifically, researchers have begun to shift their attention from labour market and fiscal changes, towards exploring what we might call 'the wider effects of migration' on the production and consumption sides of the economy -and the role of high-skilled migrants in these processes. This paper surveys the emerging 'wider impacts' literature, including studies from the US, European and other countries. It sets out some simple, non-technical frameworks, discusses the empirical findings and identifies avenues for future research. JEL codes: G23; G24; J15; J61; L5; L26; M12; M13; O31; O32; R11

Urban Immigrant Diversity and Inclusive Institutions

“…Though results vary by country and approach taken, a wealth of studies find evidence consistent with the idea that immigrant diversity augments worker and firm productivity (Ottaviano and Peri 2006;Nathan 2011Nathan , 2015Kemeny 2012;Bakens, Mulder, and Nijkamp 2013;Bellini et al 2013;Longhi 2013;Lee 2014;Suedekum, Wolf, and Blien 2014;Alesina, Harnoss, and Rapoport 2016). Recent contributions have sought to address bias from confounding factors, including nonrandom worker selectivity or sorting (Bakens, Mulder, and Nijkamp 2013;Kemeny and Cooke 2015;Trax, Brunow, and Suedekum 2015;Elias and Paradies 2016).…”

“…With few exceptions, existing empirical studies at the urban scale have not measured such institutions, instead testing more generally for the existence and direction of spillovers from diversity. These studies mostly conclude that diversity and productivity are robustly positively related, leading researchers to suggest that immigrant diversity in cities generates tangible economic benefits (Ottaviano and Peri 2006;Nathan 2011;Bellini et al 2013;Suedekum, Wolf, and Blien 2014;Kemeny and Cooke 2015;Trax, Brunow, and Suedekum 2015;Elias and Paradies 2016). Hence, one reason to examine the moderating role of institutions is that it provides the opportunity to estimate a model of diversity's economic impacts that is, compared to much of the extant empirical work, closer to theory.…”

The economic impact of east–west migration on the European Union

“…Kahanec andZimmermann (2010, 2016), Kahanec (2013), Galgóczi et al (2009Galgóczi et al ( , 2012, Holland et al (2011), Kaminska and Kahancová (2011), Kureková andLucia (2011), Wadsworth (2014), Gerdes and Wadensjö (2010). 7 Chiswick (2011), Hunt andGauthier-Loiselle (2010), Peri and Requena (2010), Javorcik et al (2011), Kerr and Kerr (2011), Parrotta et al (2014a, b), Nathan (2011Nathan ( , 2014, Bansak et al (2015) and Peri et al (2015). 8 See Adserà et al (2015) and Cai et al (2016). upgrade its mobility framework within its Eastern Partnership program and an increased migration potential from some of the key source countries as a consequence of the recent events in EU's neighborhood including the Arab Spring events, the Syrian civil war of the 2010s, and the Ukrainian crisis that started in 2014.…”

Social context of economic development in the XXI century

“…Важную роль в успешности деятельности предприятий со смешанными коллективами играет описанное выше взаимодействие их приезжих сотрудников с сетевыми иммигрантскими сообществами. Именно в высокотехнологичных отраслях выход на рынок новых, создаваемых иммигрантами предприятий, усиливая конкуренцию и побуждая другие фирмы к инновациям, особенно результативен в повышении производительности труда 279 . Кроме того, разнообразие высшего руководства компании по странам происхождения его членов также значимо при разработке и реализации ее внешнеэкономической стратегии и формировании географической структуры ее внешней торговли 280 .…”