The whole-cell pertussis vaccine imposes a broad effector B cell response in mouse heterologous prime-boost settings

Abstract

Since the introduction of new generation pertussis vaccines, resurgence of pertussis is observed in many developed countries. Former whole-cell pertussis vaccines (wP) are able to protect against disease and transmission but have been replaced in several industrialized countries 2 because of their reactogenicity and adverse effects. Current acellular pertussis vaccines (aP), made of purified proteins of Bordetella pertussis, are efficient at preventing disease but fail to induce long-term protection from infection. While the systemic and mucosal T cell immunity induced by the two types of vaccines has been well described, much less is known concerning B cell responses. Taking advantage of an inducible AID fate-mapping mouse model, we compared effector and memory B cells induced by the two classes of vaccines and showed that a stronger and broader memory B cell and plasma cell response is achieved by a wP prime. We also observed that homologous or heterologous vaccine combinations that include at least one wP administration, even as a booster dose, are sufficient to induce this broad effector response, thus highlighting its dominant imprint on the B cell profile. Finally, we describe the settlement of memory B cell populations in the lung following subcutaneous wP prime vaccination.

Evaluation of Whole-Cell and Acellular Pertussis Vaccines in the Context of Long-Term Herd Immunity

“…In addition, the study revealed that only immunization with wP vaccine resulted in the generation of B. pertussis -specific memory B cells [ 70 ]. Recent studies also demonstrated that priming mice with wP vaccines led to faster and stronger stimulation of local germinal centers stimulation and memory B cell responses within the dLNs, as well as to plasma cells induced within the bone marrow presenting with a broader antigenic and isotypic diversity, in comparison to prime immunization with aP vaccine [ 71 ]. Importantly, the results indicated that, in contrast to T cell responses, where the first dose of aP vaccine determines the immune response to a boost vaccination with wP, the B cell profile and antibody production induced by aP were re-oriented by a wP boost and led to induction of Ab with a broader isotypic diversity [ 71 ].…”

Sex differences in immune protection in mice conferred by heterologous vaccines for pneumonic plague

“…This study builds on other studies on heterologous prime-boost immunization, against Y. pestis ( 69 ) or other pathogens ( 70 – 73 ), showing major differences in immunity depending on which formulation is administered first. Our studies found that female mice were more protected than males by these heterologous vaccines, whether they included pgm- pPst- Δ yopD /Δ caf1 , pgm- pPst- Δ caf1 , or CO92 Δ yscN + C12 Δ yscN as the LAV.…”