The Who, What, and Where of Plant Polyprenol Biosynthesis Point to Thylakoid Membranes and Photosynthetic Performance

Hofmann, Nancy R.

doi:10.1105/tpc.17.00559

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Leaf tissue of D. traunsteineri grown in the D. majalis environment shows plastically reduced levels of pathways known to alleviate oxidative stress and maintain efficient photosynthesis such as glutathione (Müller-Schüssele et al, 2020) and L-ascorbate (Chen et al, 2021). Moreover, we identified upregulated functions related to phylloquinone, involved in electron transport in photosystem I (Basset et al, 2017), and polyprenol, a component of thylakoid membrane function (Hofmann, 2017), indicating a plastic increase in D. traunsteineri photosynthetic efficiency upon release from pressures in its native environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological divergence is marked by species specific plastic gene expression and distinct rhizosphere among sibling allopolyploid marsh orchids (Dactylorhiza)

Emelianova,

Hawranek,

Eriksson

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In addition to demographic and dispersal constraints, a complex interplay of biotic and abiotic factors shapes the distribution of taxa across landscapes, with each species adapting uniquely to the challenges and opportunities presented by its habitat. Plasticity, the capacity to dynamically adjust one's phenotype in response to environmental shifts, is a pivotal trait enabling species to exploit a wider niche space and withstand suboptimal conditions. This adaptability is particularly crucial for newly formed allopolyploid lineages seeking to establish themselves in diverse environments. The amalgamation of different parental genomes in such hybrids can enhance their plastic responses to varying habitats, yet the long term impacts of plasticity on allopolyploid establishment success remain elusive. Here we use ecologically divergent sibling allopolyploid marsh orchids (Dactylorhiza, Orchidaceae) in reciprocal transplantation experiments at two localities to gain insights into the drivers of ecological divergence and species persistence in the face of gene flow. We show that while consistent abiotic differences characterise the alternative environments, the great majority of gene expression differences between the sibling allopolyploids is plastic. Few genes exhibit fixed expression differences, suggesting that despite ecological divergence, plasticity may mediate gene flow between the sibling allopolyploids, thereby preventing the accumulation of genetically encoded expression differences. Extending our investigations to the rhizosphere, we uncover distinct fungal communities between the roots of the two sibling allopolyploids, consistent across the two localities. This finding suggests that both biotic and abiotic factors contribute to the distribution and delimitation of Dactylorhiza sibling allopolyploids. Altogether, our results suggest that plasticity can exert both diversifying and homogenising influences on the establishment of recurrently-formed allopolyploid species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological divergence is marked by species specific plastic gene expression and distinct rhizosphere among sibling allopolyploid marsh orchids (Dactylorhiza)

Emelianova,

Hawranek,

Eriksson

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Polyprenols are long-chain isoprenoid polymers with the formula (C 5 H 8 ) n OH, that can be found in a wide range of natural sources, including bacteria and plants. In mammals, the mono-saturated dolichols are dominant 4 , 9 , 10 . Plants represent the widest range of polyprenols diversity, containing both poly-cis/trans-prenols 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical-CO2 extraction, identification and quantification of polyprenol as a bioactive ingredient from Irish trees species

Alaydi

Downey

McKeon-Bennett

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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This study ascertained the accumulation of polyprenol from four Irish conifer species Picea sitchensis, Cedrus atlantica ‘Glauca’, Pinus sylvestris and Taxus baccata and one flowering tree Cotoneaster hybrida using supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide (SFE-CO2) and solvent extraction. The effects of SFE-CO2 parameters such as temperature (ranged from 40 to 70 $$^\circ{\rm C}$$ ∘ C ), pressure (ranged from 100 to 350 bars) and dynamic time (from 70 min to 7 h) were analysed on the extraction efficiency of polyprenol. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyprenol was examined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that P. sylvestris accumulated the highest polyprenol yield of 14.00 ± $$0.4$$ 0.4 mg g−1 DW when extracted with hexane:acetone (1:1 v/v). However, with SFE-CO2 conditions of 200 bars, 70 $$^\circ{\rm C}$$ ∘ C , 7 h, with absolute ethanol as a cosolvent with a flow rate of 0.05 ml min−1, P. sitchensis accumulated the highest polyprenol yield of 6.35 ± $$0.4$$ 0.4 mg g−1DW. This study emphasised the potential application of SFE-CO2 in the extraction of polyprenol as an environmentally friendly method to be used in pharmaceutical and food industries.

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Mevalonate and Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathways: Terpenoids and Steroids

2023

Chemical Diversity of Plant Specialized Metabolites

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Terpenes are naturally occurring metabolites with structural diversity based on the number of isoprene units (C5H8). They are biosynthesized following mevalonate (MVA) or methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways. The MVA pathway occurs in the cytosol in plants to form sesquiterpenes (C15) and triterpenes (C30). The MEP pathway occurs in the plastids in plants to form monoterpenes (C10), diterpenes (C20) and tetraterpenes (C40). Depending on the structure, metabolites belonging to this group are essential for plants to interact with the environment for example, protecting plants against herbivores and pathogens and attracting pollinators. Some metabolites are involved in respiration (ubiquinone) and photosynthesis (chlorophylls, carotenoids, phylloquinones, and plastoquinone). Some of the metabolites are growth regulators (brassinosteroids, gibberellins, and strigolactones), and present as part of the membrane structure (sterols). They are also sources of flavours and fragrances (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes), medicine (taxol for cancer, artemisinin for malaria), and commercial materials (rubber and gutta-percha).

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The Who, What, and Where of Plant Polyprenol Biosynthesis Point to Thylakoid Membranes and Photosynthetic Performance

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Ecological divergence is marked by species specific plastic gene expression and distinct rhizosphere among sibling allopolyploid marsh orchids (Dactylorhiza)

Ecological divergence is marked by species specific plastic gene expression and distinct rhizosphere among sibling allopolyploid marsh orchids (Dactylorhiza)

Supercritical-CO2 extraction, identification and quantification of polyprenol as a bioactive ingredient from Irish trees species

Mevalonate and Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathways: Terpenoids and Steroids

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