The West Palaearctic genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)

Abstract

Keys to adults and larvae of the genera of West Palaearctic nematine sawflies are presented. Species of some of the smaller genera are keyed, and their taxonomy, distribution, and host plants reviewed, with a geographic focus on north-western Europe, particularly Sweden. Dinematus Lacourt, 2006 is a new junior subjective synonym of Pristiphora Latreille, 1810, resulting in the new combination Pristiphora krausi (Lacourt, 2006) for the type species of Dinematus. Hemichroa monticola Ermolenko, 1960 is a new junior subjective synonym of Hemichroa australis (Serville, 1823). Lectotypes are designated for Tenthredo opaca Fabricius, 1775, Mesoneura opaca var. nigerrima Enslin, 1914, Mesoneura opaca var. obscuriventris Enslin, 1914, Nematus hypogastricus Hartig, 1837, Nematus alnivorus Hartig, 1840, Leptopus rufipes Förster, 1854, Nematus protensus Förster, 1854, and Platycampus luridiventris var. pleuritica Enslin, 1915. A phylogenetic analysis based on four genes (mitochondrial COI and nuclear NaK, POL2, and TPI) supports the current generic classification.

Revision of the West Palaearctic Euura bergmanni and oligospila groups (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)

“…For species delimitation and to associate males and females, mitochondrial and nuclear DNA was sequenced from representatives of Euura belonging to the bergmanni and oligospila groups as well as other selected species. DNA was sequenced using Sanger (Prous et al 2019) or Oxford Nanopore technologies. For Nanopore sequencing, amplicons belonging to different species or species groups were pooled and sequenced with the MinION R9.4.1 or R10.3 flow cells using a Ligation Sequencing Kit (SQK-LSK109).…”

“…For a small number of specimens, a longer mitochondrial fragment (including partial tRNA-Cys and complete tRNA-Tyr upstream of COI) was amplified with the primers TW-J1301 (Simon et al 2006) and A2590 (Normark et al 1999), resulting in COI length of 1119 bp. For other COI and nuclear primers, see Prous et al (2019). The two nuclear markers are fragments of sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha (NaK, 1654 bp) and DNA dependent RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 (POL2, 2527-2552 bp or 2700-2709 bp).…”

Recent additions to the list of German sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)

“…As described in Prous et al (2019), we sequenced three gene fragments (1078-1087 bp of CO1, 1654 bp of NaK and 2480-2696 bp of POL2) for selected Pristiphora depressa group specimens to complement previously-available data from this group. The three gene fragments were newly sequenced for one specimen each of P. depressa, P. cretica, P. krausi and P. melagonia sp.…”

Biology of two European Tenthredo species (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) feeding on Gentiana

“…Recently, DNA sequencing has proved itself as a potent tool for the identification of sawfly larvae (e.g. Shinohara et al 2017;Prous et al 2019). In this study we used DNA sequences to identify one of the sawfly species.…”

“…Tenthredo propinqua Klug, 1817 was identified by genetic sequences obtained from a larva. Total DNA was extracted from the head of one T. propinqua larva (DEI-GISHym12639), and one mitochondrial (1087 bp of CO1) and two nuclear gene fragments (1654 bp of NaK and 2543 bp of POL2) were sequenced (methodology as in Prous et al 2019). To test which host plant the larva had been feeding on, we used the same larval extract to amplify a plastid region between trnL 5′ exon and trnF using primers c and f (Taberlet et al 1991).…”