The Weimar anatomical sheet of Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519): an illustration of the genitourinary tract

Schultheiss,; Laurenza,; Götte,; Jonás,

doi:10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.00355.x

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Today, almost the complete set of these anatomical drawings and comments is owned by the British Crown and resides in the Royal Library at Windsor Castle, United Kingdom. 1 Leonardo's early anatomical studies were not systematic in nature. Rather, he sought to study not only the anatomy of the body but also to explain the relationship between the structure of the body in all its aspects and the conception, growth, and the expression of the emotions.…”

Section: Leonardo Da Vinci's Anatomy Of the Heart And Vesselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidden Cardiovascular Anatomy in “Saint John the Baptist” by Leonardo da Vinci

Keshelava¹

2022

Aorta (Stamford)

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Leonardo da Vinci conducted many anatomical studies during his life. Today, almost the complete set of these anatomical drawings and comments is owned by the British Crown and resides in the Royal Library at Windsor Castle, United Kingdom.Through the program Paint X, we moved two details on the painting “Saint John the Baptist.” The moving details are circled along the faint contour by Leonardo da Vinci himself. We obtained heart and aortic arch imaging.

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Section: Leonardo Da Vinci's Anatomy Of the Heart And Vesselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidden Cardiovascular Anatomy in “Saint John the Baptist” by Leonardo da Vinci

Keshelava¹

2022

Aorta (Stamford)

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“…The drawings, which Leonardo had not completed to his satisfaction, and which were consequently not published as a textbook as he had originally planned, were inherited by one of his disciples, and after a spell in Spain were eventually purchased by an English nobleman and brought to England in 1636. Their presence in the British Royal Collection is first documented in 1690, when Queen Mary is said to have shown them to a guest at Kensington Palace 8 . Here they remained undiscovered until they were finally brought to light by the Royal Librarian, Robert Dalton, in about 1760.…”

Section: The Illustratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here they remained undiscovered until they were finally brought to light by the Royal Librarian, Robert Dalton, in about 1760. To this day, the almost complete set of about 750 anatomical drawings is owned by the British Crown, and is in the Royal Library at Windsor Castle 8 …”

Section: The Illustratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical illustration: from caves to cyberspace‡

Tsafrir

Ohry

2001

Health Info Libraries J

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The human body has been depicted in ancient cave‐paintings, in primitively sculpted figures, and through all the ages in various forms of artistic expression. The earliest medical texts were descriptive but not illustrated. Later, as it became clear that knowledge of the human body and all its systems was essential to the practice of healing, texts were accompanied by illustrations which became an integral part of the teaching process. The illustrators included artists, whose interest was primarily artistic, but who were sometimes employed by surgeons or physicians to illustrate their texts. Occasionally, the physicians or scientists accompanied their texts with their own illustrations, and in the last century, medical illustration, in its infinite variety of techniques, has been developed as a profession in its own right. As knowledge was extended, permitted by social and cultural change, as well as by technological advances, the types of illustrations have ranged from gross anatomy through dissections showing the various organ systems, histological preparations, and radiological images, right up to the computerized digital imagery that is available today, which allows both static and dynamic two‐ and three‐dimensional representations to be transmitted electronically across the world in a matter of seconds. The techniques used to represent medical knowledge pictorially have been as varied as the illustrators themselves, involving drawing, engraving, printing, photography, cinematography and digital processing. Each new technique has built on previous experience to broaden medical knowledge and make it accessible to an ever‐widening audience. This vast accumulation of pictorial material has posed considerable problems of storage, cataloguing, retrieval, display and dissemination of the information, as well as questions of ethics, validity, manipulation and reliability. This paper traces these developments, illustrating them with representative examples drawn from the inexhaustible store of documents accumulated over more than two millennia.

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“…Clayton and Philo [9] and another book published in 2013 [10], the two latter reviews, mainly referred to human anatomy, although they also include comments on some animal anatomy drawings. Apart from books, there are numerous scientific articles sharing the same subject: Leonardo da Vinci’s anatomical drawings, mainly intended to some areas of expertise, such as those from Schultheiss et al [11], Jose [12], Ganseman and Broos [13], Pasipoularides [2], Sterpetti [14], Bowen et al [15] and West [16], among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leonardo da Vinci’s Animal Anatomy: Bear and Horse Drawings Revisited

Lombardero

Yllera

2019

Animals

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Leonardo da Vinci was one of the most influencing personalities of his time, the perfect representation of the ideal Renaissance man, an expert painter, engineer and anatomist. Regarding Leonardo’s anatomical drawings, apart from human anatomy, he also depicted some animal species. This comparative study focused only on two species: Bears and horses. He produced some anatomical drawings to illustrate the dissection of “a bear’s foot” (Royal Collection Trust), previously described as “the left leg and foot of a bear”, but considering some anatomical details, we concluded that they depict the bear’s right pelvic limb. This misconception was due to the assumption that the bear’s digit I (1st toe) was the largest one, as in humans. We also analyzed a rough sketch (not previously reported), on the same page, and we concluded that it depicts the left antebrachium (forearm) and manus (hand) of a dog/wolf. Regarding Leonardo’s drawing representing the horse anatomy “The viscera of a horse”, the blood vessel arrangement and other anatomical structures are not consistent with the structure of the horse, but are more in accordance with the anatomy of a dog. In addition, other drawings comparing the anatomy of human leg muscles to that of horse pelvic limbs were also discussed in motion.

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The Weimar anatomical sheet of Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519): an illustration of the genitourinary tract

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Hidden Cardiovascular Anatomy in “Saint John the Baptist” by Leonardo da Vinci

Hidden Cardiovascular Anatomy in “Saint John the Baptist” by Leonardo da Vinci

Medical illustration: from caves to cyberspace‡

Leonardo da Vinci’s Animal Anatomy: Bear and Horse Drawings Revisited

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