The Weevil Rostrum (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): Internal Structure and Evolutionary Trends

Davis, Steven R.

doi:10.1206/0003-0090-416.1.1

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…He noted that there are an abundance of potentially important morphological characters in the mouthparts, including mandibular structure and articulation, and the form and articulation of the pharyngeal plate. He also noted that the pharyngeal structure of Platypodinae shows similarities to Dryophthorinae consistent with recent papers that recover a close relationship between these subfamilies (e.g., [9][10][11][12]). The mesonotum was found to exhibit differences useful in separating genera of Curculionoidea and the metanotum provides many useful family-level characters, such as the shapes of the scutellar groove and the metascutellum.…”

Section: Internal Character Systems (Adults) (Steve Davis)supporting

confidence: 75%

“…Anteriorly, the pharyngeal plate is supported by apodemes. The weevil phylogeny reconstructed on the basis of rostrum anatomy [9] is similar to phylogenies reconstructed from molecular data (e.g., [10]). He sequenced transcriptomes from the heads of developing weevils and functionally tested (by RNAi) genes for a role in head (and particularly rostrum) morphology and development.…”

Section: Weevil Morphological Terminology (Chris Lyal)mentioning

confidence: 71%

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Morphological and Molecular Perspectives on the Phylogeny, Evolution, and Classification of Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): Proceedings from the 2016 International Weevil Meeting

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The 2016 International Weevil Meeting was held immediately after the International Congress of Entomology (ICE). It built on the topics and content of the 2016 ICE weevil symposium Phylogeny and Evolution of Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): A Symposium in Honor of Dr. Guillermo "Willy" Kuschel. Beyond catalyzing research and collaboration, the meeting was intended to serve as a forum for identifying priorities and goals for those who study weevils. The meeting consisted of 46 invited and contributed lectures, discussion sessions and introductory remarks presented by 23 speakers along with eight contributed research posters. These were organized into three convened sessions, each lasting one day: (1) weevil morphology; (2) weevil fossils, biogeography and host/habitat associations; and (3) molecular phylogenetics and classification of weevils. Some of the topics covered included the 1K Weevils Project, major morphological character systems of adult and larval weevils, weevil morphological terminology, prospects for future morphological character discovery, phylogenetic analysis of morphological character data, the current status of weevil molecular phylogenetics and evolution, resources available for phylogenetic and comparative genomic studies of weevils, the weevil fossil record, weevil biogeography and evolution, weevil host plants, evolutionary development of the weevil rostrum, resources available for weevil identification and the current status of and challenges in weevil classification.

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Section: Internal Character Systems (Adults) (Steve Davis)supporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Weevil Morphological Terminology (Chris Lyal)mentioning

confidence: 71%

Morphological and Molecular Perspectives on the Phylogeny, Evolution, and Classification of Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): Proceedings from the 2016 International Weevil Meeting

et al. 2018

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“…6D-E). This altered condition in S. oryzae Scr -RNAi most closely resembles that found in the weevil subfamily Rhynchitinae (Attelabidae), followed by the weevil families Nemonychidae and possibly Anthribidae, in which the maxillary tendons are supported by the apodemes of the subgenal sulci (Davis, 2017).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…All weevil heads depicted are of extant taxa excepting the first left image in Nemonychidae of a Late Jurassic Karatau compression fossil. Relationships based on Davis (2017), Mckenna et al (2009), and Oberprieler et al (2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To begin, functional tests of candidate genes were performed through larval RNA interference (RNAi). Weevil head regions and anatomical terminology follow that in Davis (2011, 2017). The hypothesized adult head regions of wild-type S. oryzae have been slightly modified in this study from their original presentation in Davis (2011) following more in-depth study of the adult anatomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental genetics in a complex adaptive structure, the weevil rostrum

Davis

2018

Preprint

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statement This study begins exploring the development of a novel, complex structure in one of the largest families of organisms, the weevils. AbstractThe rostrum of weevils (Curculionidae) is a novel, complex, adaptive structure that has enabled this huge beetle radiation to feed on and oviposit in a wide spectrum of plant hosts, correlated with diverse life histories and tremendous disparity in rostrum forms. In order to understand the development and evolution of this structure, transcriptomes were produced in de novo assemblies from the developing pre-pupal head tissues of two distantly related curculionids, the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) and the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae), which have highly divergent rostra. While there are challenges in assessing differences among transcriptomes and in relative gene expression from divergent taxa, tests for differential expression patterns of transcripts yielded lists of candidate genes to examine in future work. RNA interference was performed with S. oryzae for functional insight into the Hox gene Sex combs reduced. Scr has a conserved function in labial and prothoracic identities, but it also demonstrates a novel role in reduction of ventral head structures, namely the gula, submentum, and associated sulci, in weevils. Ultimately, this study makes strides towards elucidating how the weevil rostrum initially formed and the profound phenotypic diversity it has acquired throughout the curculionoid lineages. It furthermore initiates a better understanding of the genetic framework that permitted the diversification of such an immense lineage as the weevils.

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Excavation mechanics of the elongated female rostrum of the acorn weevil Curculio glandium (Coleoptera; Curculionidae)

et al. 2021

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Elongated rostra (snouts) are remarkable features of many female weevils. The female of Curculio glandium uses the snout to excavate channels in acorns to oviposit. Considering the slenderness of the rostrum, the excavation of channels in solid substrates without buckling is a challenging task from both engineering and biological points of view. Here we aimed to examine the roles of the material properties and morphology of the rostrum in its buckling resistance. We employed microscopy techniques, non-destructive material characterisation and finite element (FE) modelling to shed more light on the excavation mechanics of the rostrum. We found that sexual dimorphisms are present not only in the length but also in the material, particularly the elastic modulus, and morphological features, particularly the curvature and thickness of the cuticular layers. Our FE modelling showed that those factors play essential roles to maximise the buckling resistance and minimise the bending resistance of the female rostrum. Considering that during excavation, the rostrum needs to be straightened without buckling, the functionality of the rostrum is likely to be a compromise between the flexibility and stiffness.

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The Weevil Rostrum (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): Internal Structure and Evolutionary Trends

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Morphological and Molecular Perspectives on the Phylogeny, Evolution, and Classification of Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): Proceedings from the 2016 International Weevil Meeting

Morphological and Molecular Perspectives on the Phylogeny, Evolution, and Classification of Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): Proceedings from the 2016 International Weevil Meeting

Developmental genetics in a complex adaptive structure, the weevil rostrum

Excavation mechanics of the elongated female rostrum of the acorn weevil Curculio glandium (Coleoptera; Curculionidae)

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