The ways of an empire: Continuity and change of route landscapes across the Taurus during the Hittite Period (ca. 1650–1200 BCE)

Near Eastern monumental buildings once hosted institutions with a variety of economic and environmental footprints. In this article examining a Middle Bronze Age II (seventeenth century BC) building complex at Zincirli, Turkey, we integrate bioarchaeological remains with ceramic and artifactual evidence to evaluate whether this building was a specialized node in a broader network and centralized economy. Combining seed/fruit/chaff analysis with charcoal, phytolith, diatom, and spherulite investigations and zooarchaeology allows for a more holistic identification of the building’s environmental and economic catchments. The pronounced presence of conifer, probably related to the building’s architecture, suggests an elite function of the complex. A broad range of activities took place within the complex, such as the preparation, storage, and consumption of different food and drink products, alongside craft activities. There is evidence for centralized storage of diverse crops and production of wine and textiles. The building seems to have functioned as a kind of estate, possessing access to large areas of land. The bioarchaeological remains evidence the exploitation of the varied environments surrounding the site, where economically valuable resources were locally available and exploited, such as cedar, pine, grapes, and large hunting game. Complex DD provides evidence of wetland exploitation, agropastoral production, wood procurement, and hunting in the semi-steppe batha environments of the Islahiye plain and the woodland forests of the Amanus.

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Infinite Shear Rate Viscosity Model of Cross Fluid Flow Containing Nanoparticles and Motile Gyrotactic Microorganisms Over 3-D Cylinder

Darvesh

Altamirano

Salas

et al. 2023

j nanofluids

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Cross nanofluidic model yields extraordinary results and describes the behaviour of nanofluid at very high and very low shear rate. In this paper infinite shear rate viscosity model of cross nanofluid flow containing nanoparticles and motile gyrotactic microorganisms over three dimensional horizontal cylinder is taken. In this attempt simultaneous utilization of nanoparticles along with motile microorganisms attached mathematical model of cross fluid and three-dimensional geometry of cylinder has been carried out as an innovation. For the inspection of velocity profile of cross nanofluid inclined magnetic field is scrutinized. Temperature of Cross nanofluid and its concentration is also carried out with several facts. Mass flux and heat flux values for motile microorganisms and nanoparticles are calculated through statistical graphs. This attempt reveals that small variation of Brownian motion parameter gives lower concentration of nanoparticle about 80.21% and 78.44% reduction is found in concentration of motile microorganisms.

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The ways of an empire: Continuity and change of route landscapes across the Taurus during the Hittite Period (ca. 1650–1200 BCE)

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

From Iberia to Laurion: Interpreting Changes in Silver Supply to the Levant in the Late Iron Age Based on Lead Isotope Analysis

From Iberia to Laurion: Interpreting Changes in Silver Supply to the Levant in the Late Iron Age Based on Lead Isotope Analysis

An estate at Zincirli? Land use and resource exploitation at the Middle Bronze Age monumental building Complex DD in Zincirli, Gaziantep Province of Turkey

Infinite Shear Rate Viscosity Model of Cross Fluid Flow Containing Nanoparticles and Motile Gyrotactic Microorganisms Over 3-D Cylinder

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