The way back: recovery of trees from drought and its implication for acclimation

Geßler, Arthur; Bottero, Alessandra; Marshall, John D.; Arend, Matthias

doi:10.1111/nph.16703

Cited by 103 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Our results show that taller, more exposed trees and species with less drought‐tolerant leaf traits will be most affected in terms of both growth during the drought year and subsequent growth. Survival is linked to resistance and resilience (DeSoto et al ., 2020; Gessler et al ., 2020), implying it may be influenced by the same factors. Indeed, while no link between

{PLA}_{dry}

π_{tlp}

on drought survival has been established (but see Powers et al ., 2020), taller trees have lower survival (Bennett et al ., 2015; Stovall et al , 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding forest responses to drought requires elucidation of how tree size, microenvironment, and species’ traits jointly influence individual‐level drought tolerance, defined here as a tree’s ability to maintain growth during drought (resistance), increase growth relative to drought minimum (recovery), and re‐establish its pre‐drought growth rate (resilience; Lloret et al, 2011). Survival has been shown to be linked to resistance, recovery, and resilience (DeSoto et al ., 2020; Gessler et al ., 2020), implying they may be influenced by the same factors. However, it has proven difficult to resolve the many factors affecting tree growth during drought and the extent to which their influence is consistent across droughts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tree height and leaf drought tolerance traits shape growth responses across droughts in a temperate broadleaf forest

et al. 2020

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As climate change drives increased drought in many forested regions, mechanistic understanding of the factors conferring drought tolerance in trees is increasingly important. The dendrochronological record provides a window through which we can understand how tree size and traits shape growth responses to droughts.We analyzed tree-ring records for 12 species in a broadleaf deciduous forest in Virginia (USA) to test hypotheses for how tree height, microenvironment characteristics, and species' traits shaped drought responses across the three strongest regional droughts over a 60-yr period.Drought tolerance (resistance, recovery, and resilience) decreased with tree height, which was strongly correlated with exposure to higher solar radiation and evaporative demand. The potentially greater rooting volume of larger trees did not confer a resistance advantage, but marginally increased recovery and resilience, in sites with low topographic wetness index. Drought tolerance was greater among species whose leaves lost turgor (wilted) at more negative water potentials and experienced less shrinkage upon desiccation.The tree-ring record reveals that tree height and leaf drought tolerance traits influenced growth responses during and after significant droughts in the meteorological record. As climate change-induced droughts intensify, tall trees with drought-sensitive leaves will be most vulnerable to immediate and longer-term growth reductions.

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{PLA}_{dry}

π_{tlp}

on drought survival has been established (but see Powers et al ., 2020), taller trees have lower survival (Bennett et al ., 2015; Stovall et al , 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree height and leaf drought tolerance traits shape growth responses across droughts in a temperate broadleaf forest

et al. 2020

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“…Accordingly, plants adapted to drought, such as those inhabiting Mediterranean biomes, exhibit sugar accumulation in the summer (Martínez-Vilalta et al, 2016). By providing soluble sugars with osmotic potential, and by fuelling demands of growth recovery or compensation and healing any hydraulic damage, C reserves have been linked to drought-induced tree resilience, that is, the capacity of trees to quickly re-establish their functioning and resume growth after a drought event (Adams et al, 2017;Arndt et al, 2001;Gessler et al, 2020;Körner, 2019;Martínez-Vilalta et al, 2016;O'Brien et al, 2014;O'Grady et al, 2013;Sala et al, 2012). Trees commonly respond to drought with stomatal closure, which forces trees to rely on their C reserves to meet metabolic and osmotic demands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to cope with drought and not die trying: Drought acclimation across tree species with contrasting niche breadth

Fajardo

Piper

2021

Functional Ecology

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1. Worldwide drought events have been reported to cause tree growth decline and mortality, thus altering the carbon (C) balance of forest ecosystems. While most of the attention has been focused on the physiological mechanisms associated with drought-induced tree responses of a few species at specific locations, the ecological attributes of these species, like their niche breadth, may be also important in determining species' sensitivity or resilience to drought. We postulated that wideniche breadth tree species should be more drought-resilient than narrow-niche breadth species. 2. Using the most severe 2015-2016 El Niño drought event in the last 70 years in Patagonia, we determined pre-and post-drought growth (BAI, basal area increment), C reserves in the form of non-structural carbohydrate concentrations (NSCs = starch and soluble sugars), wood isotope (δ 13 C, iWUE and δ 18 O) signalling and xylem anatomy (mean vessel diameter, mvd) in eight angiosperm tree species of contrasting niche breadth across a sharp precipitation gradient in southern Chile.3. All species responded in unison after the drought with a non-water-conservative response, maintaining BAI and NSCs, decreasing δ 13 C, and increasing both mvd and the soluble sugars:NSCs ratio relative to pre-drought time. Contrary to previous results reporting species-specific drought responses, our results show unequivocally a functional coordination of organisms' vital traits associated with a

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“…Since increased water stress following trenching had no impact on tree NSC amounts, our results suggest that trees stressed only by moderate drought may recover by compensating for carbohydrate loss (Gaylordet al 2015;Galiano et al 2017;Trugman et al . 2018;Gessler et al 2020;He et al 2020). However, if such trees are further stressed by biotic agents, the cumulative stressors (drought plus biotic agents) can lead to tree death (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined drought and bark beetle attacks deplete non-structural carbohydrates and promote death of mature pine trees

Erbilgin

Zanganeh

Klutsch

et al. 2021

Preprint

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How carbohydrate reserves change in conifers during drought and bark beetle attacks are poorly understood. We investigated changes in carbohydrate reserves and carbon-dependent terpene defenses in ponderosa pine trees experimentally subjected to two levels of drought stress (via root trenching) and two types of biotic challenge treatments (pheromone-induced bark beetle attacks or inoculations with crushed beetles that include beetle-associated fungi) for two consecutive years. Our results showed that trenching did not influence carbohydrates whereas both biotic challenges reduced amounts of starch and sugars of trees. However, only the trenched-beetle attacked trees depleted carbohydrates and died within the first year of bark beetle attacks. While live trees contained higher carbohydrates than dying trees, amounts of constitutive and induced terpenes produced did not vary between live and beetle-attacked dying trees, respectively. Based on these results we propose that reallocation of carbohydrates to terpenes during the early stages of beetle attacks is limited in drought-stricken trees, and that the combination of biotic and abiotic stress leads to tree death. The process tree death is subsequently aggravated by beetle girdling of phloem, occlusion of vascular tissue by bark beetle-vectored fungi, and potential exploitation of host carbohydrates by beetle symbionts as nutrients.

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The way back: recovery of trees from drought and its implication for acclimation

Cited by 103 publications

References 67 publications

Tree height and leaf drought tolerance traits shape growth responses across droughts in a temperate broadleaf forest

Tree height and leaf drought tolerance traits shape growth responses across droughts in a temperate broadleaf forest

How to cope with drought and not die trying: Drought acclimation across tree species with contrasting niche breadth

Combined drought and bark beetle attacks deplete non-structural carbohydrates and promote death of mature pine trees

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