The Water Relations of Tree Seedlings III. Transpiration in Relation to Osinotio Putential of the Root Medium

Jarvis, P. G.; Jarvis, Margaret S.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1963.tb08307.x

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Korean red pine seedlings have been shown to survive drought for 45 days longer than competing oak species (Kim, 1990). The result resembles the former results that conifers usually have stronger drought resistance than broad-leaved trees (Jarvis and Jarvis, 1963;Hellkvist et al, 1974;Waring and Running, 1976). Although pine seedlings can tolerate considerable drought, their survival still requires that roots extend into the deeper soil below 9.0 cm to attain sufficient water or, alternatively, that cuticular transpiration is minimized once drought is imposed so that seedlings do not reach lethal relative water contents and water potentials.…”

Section: Relationship Between Water Deficits and Seedling Mortalitysupporting

confidence: 69%

Seedling establishment and regeneration of Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) forests in Korea in relation to soil moisture

Lee

Kim

et al. 2004

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Relationship Between Water Deficits and Seedling Mortalitysupporting

confidence: 69%

Seedling establishment and regeneration of Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) forests in Korea in relation to soil moisture

Lee

Kim

et al. 2004

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Increased evaporative demand will result in more ions moving into the plant in conjunction with water flow, but both water flow and ion uptake are moderated by reduced transpiration as root water potential decreases. Jarvis and Jarvis (1963) reported on the effects of mannitol solutions on transpiration of seedlings of four tree species. In aspen (Populus tremula L.), when the osmotic potential of the rooting medium was lowered to -0.1 MPa, after a transient initial rise during a 30-min adjustment period, there was no reduction in transpiration rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance of Hybrid Poplar (Populus) Trees Irrigated with Varied Levels of Salt, Selenium, and Boron

Shannon

Bañuelos

Draper

et al. 1999

International Journal of Phytoremediation

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Agricultural drainage waters and industrial effluents often consist of waste waters laden with salts, boron (B), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), and other contaminants. However, increasing shortages of high-quality water in arid and semiarid regions and increasing demands to maintain the water quality in rivers, lakes, streams, and groundwater have made water reuse an imperative. Trees have been viewed as potential candidates for wastewater reuse because of their capacities for high evapotranspiration, high growth rates, and abilities to accumulate salts and specific ions in a marketable product that is not biologically hazardous. Clones of eight hybrid poplar (Populus spp.) crosses were tested for salt tolerance and ion uptake characteristics in a sand culture study in Riverside, CA. After hardwood cuttings were planted and established under nonsaline conditions, young saplings were treated with artificial waste waters containing different levels of salts, Se, and B. High salt concentrations reduced growth and led to leaf damage and shedding; however, Se and B had no detrimental effect on growth. Salinity affected Se and B accumulation patterns in leaves. A significant degree of genetic variation in salt tolerance was noted among the clones. The salinity at which dry weight was reduced ranged from about 3.3 to about 7.6 dS m -1 depending on clone, and the relative decrease in dry weight yield with increasing salinity varied among clones and ranged from about 10 to 15% per dS m -1 . This would indicate that poplars, whereas certainly more salt tolerant than avocado trees, are significantly less salt tolerant than eucalyptus. Leaf Cl concentrations increased in relation to the Cl concentrations in the irrigation waters, but also were subject to clonal variation. Salt tolerance in poplar was generally related to Cl in the leaves and stems but was also influenced by growth Downloaded by [North Dakota State University] at 16:06 04 November 2014 Copyright © 1999, CRC Press LLC -Files may be downloaded for personal use only. Reproduction of this material without the consent of the publisher is prohibited. 274 M. C. Shannon et al.and vigor characteristics, as well as the allometric relationships between leaves and stems that influenced the sinks in which ions could accumulate before reaching toxic levels.

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“…The data on the effect of osmotic potential of the nutrient solution on transpiration (5,11,12) indicate the possibility of a similar effect on roots of intact plants. Weatherley (21) has indicated that the resistance to flow of water through the castor bean plant increases as the flow of water through the plant decreases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of Carbon Dioxide, Osmotic Potential of Nutrient Solution, and Light Intensity on Transpiration and Resistance to Flow of Water in Pepper Plants

Janes

1970

Plant Physiol.

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The rate of transpiration, temperature of the leaves, and relative water content of leaves of pepper plants were measured in a small chamber in which the temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration of recirculated air were controlled and measured. The data reported were obtained by noting the response of pepper plants to all combinations of the following treatments: high light, 1.5 X 106 ergs per square centimeter per second; low light, 3.0 X 10' ergs per square centimeter per second; three levels of CO2: 50, 268, and 730 parts per million; nutrient solution osmotic potentials of -0.5, -5.0, -7.5, and -9.5 bars.The The flow of water from the root surface through the plant to the atmosphere encounters a number of barriers and resistances (6,7,14,15,19,21). These resistances are membranous, frictional, and diffusive. The magnitude of flow, transpiration, is governed by the behavior of these resistances to environmental conditions as well as by the energy gradient, both hydrostatic and osmotic, imposed across the conducting tissue. The greatest resistance to flow of water in the soil-plantatmosphere continuum is located at the leaf-air interface and is regulated by stomatal movement. A number of factors, particularly those associated with the availability of water at the root surface and the conductivity of the roots, influence water loss by bringing about changes in water potential in the leaf. A change in water potential in the leaf affects transpiration both by a change in water potential gradient from root to leaf and by its effect on stomatal aperture (19).The imposition of an osmotic stress on decapitated roots increases the resistance to flow of water (1, 9, 17). The data on the effect of osmotic potential of the nutrient solution on transpiration (5, 11, 12) indicate the possibility of a similar effect on roots of intact plants.Weatherley (21) has indicated that the resistance to flow of water through the castor bean plant increases as the flow of water through the plant decreases. Brouwer (4), using single roots in a series of potometers, also found a decrease in resistance with an increase in rate of flow of water through the root. Rawlins (18) has reported the significance of the resistance to flow of water within the plant and the possibility of its variation with rate of transpiration.The investigations reported here were undertaken to determine how changes in CO2 concentration, light intensity, and osmotic potential affect the water potential in the leaves and the rate of movement of water through the plant. These data were used to estimate the changes in resistance to flow of water through pepper plants. MATERIALS AND METHODSPepper plants (Capsicum annuum L. var California Wonder) were grown in Hoagland's nutrient solution in an environment controlled as follows: temperature 260, relative humidity 60 to 70%, illuminated for 18 hr/day with fluorescent and quartz iodine lights giving radiant energy of 1.05 X 105 ergs cm72 sec' at plant height. When the plants were 5 to 6 ...

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The Water Relations of Tree Seedlings III. Transpiration in Relation to Osinotio Putential of the Root Medium

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Seedling establishment and regeneration of Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) forests in Korea in relation to soil moisture

Seedling establishment and regeneration of Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) forests in Korea in relation to soil moisture

Tolerance of Hybrid Poplar (Populus) Trees Irrigated with Varied Levels of Salt, Selenium, and Boron

Effect of Carbon Dioxide, Osmotic Potential of Nutrient Solution, and Light Intensity on Transpiration and Resistance to Flow of Water in Pepper Plants

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