The Wall Paintings in the Panteon de los Reyes at Leon: A Cycle of Intercession

Art in Spain and Portugal from the Romans to the Early Middle Ages

“…60 58 Werckmeister, 1988, 108. 59 Krüger, 2003 see also Williams, 2011b, 93-116;Walker, 2000, 200-225. 60 Senra, 1997 for another view see Seehausen, 2009b, 1-37. One practice that indicates such an early date is the lack of mason's marks, which are likewise missing from the first three radiating chapels completed at Santiago de Compostela.…”

Fernando I and Alfonso VI as Patrons of the Arts

“…70 This is brought home not only by an inscription above the doorway leading from the Panteón to Fernando's church, but also by the inclusion nearby of a scene based on the Beatus of Fernando and Sancha, as the identical inscriptions -UBI PRIMITUS IOHANES CUM ANGELO LOCUTUS EST-attest. Indeed, the choice of subject, the commissioning of Revelation, would have been inspired by the desire to honor the commissioners of the Commentary of 1047.…”

Within, Around, Between: Micro Pilgrimage and the Archivolted Portal

“…Sacrosanct space and access to it were increasingly seen as prime components of the brokerage of both power and control (Rosenwein 1999: 36;Remensnyder 1995: 37). 29 Officially, the Roman rite was adopted in Castile at the Council of Burgos in 1080, but Jaca, in the kingdom of Aragon, had already been reformed in 1076 (Caldwell 1974: 138;Walker 1998). Liturgical transition is likely to be discovered in subtle shifts in focus within otherwise familiar structures (Walker 2000: 200-25;Reilly 1985;Werckmeister 1993: 121-32;Williams 1994: 167-83;Whitehill 1927: 151).…”