The Wage Gap Between Cooperative and Capitalist Firms: Evidence From Spain

Abstract

This paper analyses the differences between the wages received by workers in cooperative and capitalist firms in Spain using a sample constructed from administrative data. This paper shows that size and the sign of the wage gap depend on economic sector, type of cooperative and the wage distribution. This approach let us explain some contradictory results obtained in previous literature. Additionally, the wage gap decomposition used let us identify the causes for this gap.

Labour Inclusion of People with Disabilities: What Role Do the Social and Solidarity Economy Entities Play?

“…However, the greater sensitivity of the SSE entities towards the labour integration of groups with special difficulties of insertion in the labour market, contrasts with the fact that the salary remuneration is usually lower than that of the CC [17,18]. According to the data we have extracted from the 2016 MCVL-CDF, salaries in the SSE entities, without considering the disability variable, were 14% lower than those of the CC in the Spanish context.…”

“…From the empirical point of view, there is also no consensus. In the works of Pencavel, Pistaferri, and Schivardi [18], Clemente et al [17] or Magne [45], it is obtained that the salaries of the SSE entities are lower than in the CC, although this result also depends on the percentiles of the salary distribution considered and the branches of economic activity. However, in other works, such as those of Burdín and Dean [46] or Bailly, Chapelle, and Prouteau [47], the opposite is shown, that salaries in the SSE entities are higher than in the CC.…”

“…The inclusion in the labour market of PWD vs. persons without disabilities (PWOD), as well as the wage differences between the two groups (inter-groups), have been widely approached in the literature [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In the same way, the specialised literature on the SSE [11][12][13][14][15][16], theoretically justifies the greater sensitivity of these type of entities than the CC in the socio-labour inclusion of vulnerable groups, such as PWD, but there is an almost total absence of studies that provide empirical evidence of this differential role of the SSE concerning the CC [17,18] and, specifically, concerning PWD (intra-group) on one type of entity or another [19]. Authors such as Dwertmann and Boehm [20], Baumgärtner et al [21] and Dwertmann [22] highlight the need to increase the number of scientific investigations that provide empirical evidence on PWD.…”

Why Wages Tend to Be Lower in Worker‐owned Firms Than in Investor‐owned Firms

“…Furthermore, using a sample from administrative data containing information on 1.2 million of Spanish workers, Clemente et al. () show that the wage in the worker‐owned cooperative firms is lower than in other types of firms, interpreting this finding as an evidence in favor of the existence of a premium for employment stability in WOFs.…”

Evolución del comportamiento estratégico de las cooperativas versus empresas capitalistas: una aproximación descriptiva al efecto crisis

“…En algunos trabajos se encuentra evidencia de la capacidad de las cooperativas para mantener el empleo en este periodo de crisis, su mayor capacidad para remunerar en mejores condiciones a determinados sectores de población frente a la empresa REVESCO Nº 116 -Tercer Cuatrimestre 2014 -ISSN: 1885-8031 -www.ucm.es/info/revesco capitalista tradicional, así como una mayor reacción medida a través de la creación de un mayor número de empresas (Clemente et al, 2009(Clemente et al, , 2012. Sin embargo, la coyuntura económica ha provocado que ya no sea suficiente con la capacidad de adaptación y flexibilidad que han demostrado las cooperativas, sino que es necesario abordar otros aspectos que serán claves para enfrentarse a un futuro todavía incierto.…”