The WAG1 and WAG2 protein kinases negatively regulate root waving in Arabidopsis

Santner, Aaron; Watson, John C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2005.02641.x

Cited by 112 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…To further assay the effect of PIF4 and/or PIF5 on auxin-related processes, we examined polar auxin transport. In our microarray data, we found that PIF4 and/or PIF5 up-regulate some polar auxin transportrelated genes such as PIN-FORMED3 (Friml et al, 2002), ATHB2 (Steindler et al, 1999), and WAG2 (Santner and Watson, 2006;Supplemental Table S5; Supplemental Fig. S2).…”

Section: Pif4 and Pif5 Modulate Auxin Signalingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Genomic Analysis of Circadian Clock-, Light-, and Growth-Correlated Genes Reveals PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR5 as a Modulator of Auxin Signaling in Arabidopsis

2011

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Plants exhibit daily rhythms in their growth, providing an ideal system for the study of interactions between environmental stimuli such as light and internal regulators such as the circadian clock. We previously found that two basic loop-helix-loop transcription factors, PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) and PIF5, integrate light and circadian clock signaling to generate rhythmic plant growth in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Here, we use expression profiling and realtime growth assays to identify growth regulatory networks downstream of PIF4 and PIF5. Genome-wide analysis of light-, clock-, or growth-correlated genes showed significant overlap between the transcriptomes of clock-, light-, and growth-related pathways. Overrepresentation analysis of growth-correlated genes predicted that the auxin and gibberellic acid (GA) hormone pathways both contribute to diurnal growth control. Indeed, lesions of GA biosynthesis genes retarded rhythmic growth. Surprisingly, GA-responsive genes are not enriched among genes regulated by PIF4 and PIF5, whereas auxin pathway and response genes are. Consistent with this finding, the auxin response is more severely affected than the GA response in pif4 pif5 double mutants and in PIF5-overexpressing lines. We conclude that at least two downstream modules participate in diurnal rhythmic hypocotyl growth: PIF4 and/or PIF5 modulation of auxin-related pathways and PIF-independent regulation of the GA pathway.

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Section: Pif4 and Pif5 Modulate Auxin Signalingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Genomic Analysis of Circadian Clock-, Light-, and Growth-Correlated Genes Reveals PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR5 as a Modulator of Auxin Signaling in Arabidopsis

2011

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“…7). Recently, Santner and Watson (24) suggested that gravitropism is not required for the wavy growth response. This conclusion is in agreement with the observation that miz1 roots show a modified wavy growth response but their gravitropic response is identical to that of WT roots.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A gene essential for hydrotropism in roots

Kobayashi

Takahashi

Kakimoto

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

150

158

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Roots display hydrotropism in response to moisture gradients, which is thought to be important for controlling their growth orientation, obtaining water, and establishing their stand in the terrestrial environment. However, the molecular mechanism underlying hydrotropism remains unknown. Here, we report that roots of the Arabidopsis mutant mizu-kussei1 (miz1), which are impaired in hydrotropism, show normal gravitropism and elongation growth. The roots of miz1 plants showed reduced phototropism and a modified wavy growth response. There were no distinct differences in morphological features and root structure between miz1 and wild-type plants. These results suggest that the pathway inducing hydrotropism is independent of the pathways used in other tropic responses. The phenotype results from a single recessive mutation in MIZ1, which encodes a protein containing a domain (the MIZ domain) that is highly conserved among terrestrial plants such as rice and moss. The MIZ domain was not found in known genomes of organisms such as green algae, red algae, cyanobacteria, or animals. We hypothesize that MIZ1 has evolved to play an important role in adaptation to terrestrial life because hydrotropism could contribute to drought avoidance in higher plants. In addition, a pMIZ1::GUS fusion gene was expressed strongly in columella cells of the root cap but not in the elongation zone, suggesting that MIZ1 functions in the early phase of the hydrotropic response.Arabidopsis ͉ columella cells ͉ drought avoidance ͉ MIZU-KUSSEI1 (MIZ1) ͉ root tropism

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“…Baster et al (2013) suggested that posttranslational regulation of PIN2 could lead to its proteasomal and vacuolar lytic degradation. The polar localization of PIN2 is regulated via phosphorylation by PINOID (PID) and its related protein kinases WAG1 and WAG2 that in turn are antagonized by protein phosphatase 2AA (Michniewicz et al, 2007;Adamowski and Friml, 2015;Santner and Watson, 2006). It is not shown here but conceivable that a similar regulatory mechanism targets PIN2 for degradation.…”

Section: Hypoxia Increases Auxin Activity At the Root Tipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Bending Is Antagonistically Affected by Hypoxia and ERF-Mediated Transcription via Auxin Signaling

Eysholdt-Derzsó

Sauter

2017

Plant Physiol.

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ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7370-643X (M.S.).When plants encounter soil water logging or flooding, roots are the first organs to be confronted with reduced gas diffusion resulting in limited oxygen supply. Since roots do not generate photosynthetic oxygen, they are rapidly faced with oxygen shortage rendering roots particularly prone to damage. While metabolic adaptations to low oxygen conditions, which ensure basic energy supply, have been well characterized, adaptation of root growth and development have received less attention. In this study, we show that hypoxic conditions cause the primary root to grow sidewise in a low oxygen environment, possibly to escape soil patches with reduced oxygen availability. This growth behavior is reversible in that gravitropic growth resumes when seedlings are returned to normoxic conditions. Hypoxic root bending is inhibited by the group VII ethylene response factor (ERFVII) RAP2.12, as rap2.12-1 seedlings show exaggerated primary root bending. Furthermore, overexpression of the ERFVII member HRE2 inhibits root bending, suggesting that primary root growth direction at hypoxic conditions is antagonistically regulated by hypoxia and hypoxia-activated ERFVIIs. Root bending is preceded by the establishment of an auxin gradient across the root tip as quantified with DII-VENUS and is synergistically enhanced by hypoxia and the auxin transport inhibitor naphthylphthalamic acid. The protein abundance of the auxin efflux carrier PIN2 is reduced at hypoxic conditions, a response that is suppressed by RAP2.12 overexpression, suggesting antagonistic control of auxin flux by hypoxia and ERFVII. Taken together, we show that hypoxia triggers an escape response of the primary root that is controlled by ERFVII activity and mediated by auxin signaling in the root tip.

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The WAG1 and WAG2 protein kinases negatively regulate root waving in Arabidopsis

Cited by 112 publications

References 56 publications

Genomic Analysis of Circadian Clock-, Light-, and Growth-Correlated Genes Reveals PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR5 as a Modulator of Auxin Signaling in Arabidopsis

Genomic Analysis of Circadian Clock-, Light-, and Growth-Correlated Genes Reveals PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR5 as a Modulator of Auxin Signaling in Arabidopsis

A gene essential for hydrotropism in roots

Root Bending Is Antagonistically Affected by Hypoxia and ERF-Mediated Transcription via Auxin Signaling

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