The Vulnerability of Coastal Zones Towards Climate Change and Sea Level Rise

Weissenberger, Sebastian; Chouinard, Omer

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9888-4_2

“…The health of oceans in the world are under the serious threat from a multitude of stressors including climate change environmental pollution, over exploitation of resources, enhanced marine transportation, reduction in the river discharges and changes in the sediment dynamics in rivers etc (Halpern et al, 2008). Climate change and related sea level rise along with the changed climatic extremes are posing the greatest threat to the ocean ecosystem especially in the Bay of Bengal large Marine ecosystem area (Bosello and De Cian, 2014;Greenberg et al, 2012;Weissenberger and Chouinard, 2015). Oceans are the largest sink of varied types of wastes and pollutants entering our environment from natural and anthropogenic sources (Bates and Peters, 2007;Heimburger et al, 2013;Krishnamurthy et al, 2007;Okubo et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2004).…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future importance of healthy oceans: Ecosystem functions and biodiversity, marine pollution, carbon sequestration, ecosystem goods and services

Hossain¹

2019

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

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“…Subsequently, we used the Advance Search option with the string ALL=("Chile" OR "Colombia" OR "Costa To overcome the lack of information for all countries in some other metrics, we used sea level rise (SLR; World Bank, 2020) as a proxy of the magnitude of climate change impact, under the assumption that the higher the rise, the stronger the impact. SLR and other oceanic climate changes will result in salinization, flooding, and erosion and affect human and ecological systems, including health, heritage, freshwater, biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, and other services (Weissenberger & Chouinard, 2015;CIA, 2018; see details in supporting information (SI). Because higher SLR is detrimental, once normalized, we multiplied it by -1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research capability gaps hinder understanding of the impact of climate change on ecosystem services in the Latin American Pacific coast

Calderón-Aguilera¹

2022

Hidrobiológica

0

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Background. Coastal communities are highly dependent on ecosystem services, but the benefits and livelihoods people derive from natural ecosystems are directly and indirectly affected by climate change. The need for a mechanistic understanding of how components of climate change translate into measurable impacts on ecosystems and society is fundamental to the ability to manage, plan and mitigate for the most likely environmental futures, yet progress in this area in tropical and subtropical countries is frustrated by a lack of research capacity at the local and regional level. Objectives. Here, we investigate the research capacity of the countries along the Pacific coast, between Mexico and Chile, a region with an extensive coastline (23,191 km) that spans 11 countries of varying socio-economic development status and anticipated to be especially vulnerable to climate change. Methods. Specifically, our focus was to explore how the effects of climate change on ecosystem services (provision, regulation and cultural) may relate to research capacity and gross domestic product (GDP) in each country along the Pacific coast of the Americas. Results. We find that, since 1980, the number of peer-reviewed scientific studies relevant to this topic strongly correlates with GDP (r = 0.90, p < 0.05) and that research effort is an order of magnitude lower along the Latin American Pacific coast (13.8 studies 1000 km -1 ) than in the neighbouring Californian coast (103 studies 1000 km -1 ). Conclusions. Our results highlight the need to better develop the research in the Latin America Pacific, and for more work on the key links between climate change and ecosystem services.

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“…Subsequently, we used the Advance Search option with the string ALL=("Chile" OR "Colombia" OR "Costa To overcome the lack of information for all countries in some other metrics, we used sea level rise (SLR; World Bank, 2020) as a proxy of the magnitude of climate change impact, under the assumption that the higher the rise, the stronger the impact. SLR and other oceanic climate changes will result in salinization, flooding, and erosion and affect human and ecological systems, including health, heritage, freshwater, biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, and other services (Weissenberger & Chouinard, 2015;CIA, 2018; see details in supporting information (SI). Because higher SLR is detrimental, once normalized, we multiplied it by -1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%