The vortices of superfluid 3He

Krusius, M.

doi:10.1007/bf00125425

Cited by 55 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For the comparative measurement, the rotation rates required are lower by about two orders of magnitude. At the very low temperatures of order 10 −3 K needed for superfluid 3 He, rotation rates of the cryostat of order Ω ∼ 10 sec −1 already have been realized [15]. In relation to superfluid 3 He, it is also worthwhile to mention here that for thin 3 He-A films, an electrically neutral system, a half integer quantum Hall effect, owing to a topological invariant of the p-wave order parameter in this system, has been suggested [16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Hall state quantization in a rotating frame

Fischer¹,

Schopohl²

2001

Europhys. Lett.

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PACS. 73.40Hm-Quantum Hall effect (integer and fractional). PACS. 73.50−h -Electronic transport phenomena in thin films and low-dimensional structures.Abstract. -We derive electromagnetomotive force fields for charged particles moving in a rotating Hall sample, satisfying a twofold U(1) gauge invariance principle. It is then argued that the phase coherence property of quantization of the line integral of total collective particle momentum into multiples of Planck's quantum of action is solely responsible for quantization in the Hall state. As a consequence, the height of the Hall quantization steps should remain invariant in a rapidly rotating Hall probe. Quantum Hall particle conductivities do not depend on charge and mass of the electron, and are quantized in units of the inverse of Planck's action quantum.Modern molecular beam epitaxy enables the preparation of modulation-doped semiconductor heterostructures in which, at low enough temperatures, a high mobility two-dimensional electron gas is formed. This system is characterized by a long Thouless dephasing length l φ , the distance within which phase coherence of mobile electrons is maintained. In good samples, and at low enough temperatures, the length l φ reaches several micrometers, exceeding the magnetic length l B = h/eB for applied magnetic fields of order one Tesla. Under these conditions, it should be possible to detect noninertial effects due to rotation or acceleration of the sample as a result of the change of quantum interference conditions, since the gauge potentials of the electromagnetic and noninertial fields experienced by the electrons both appear in their collective phase. In what follows, we shall argue that quantum coherence under the influence of noninertial force fields is directly observable in the quantum Hall effect [1]. The quantum of Hall conductivity for particle transport is given by the inverse of Planck's quantum of action alone, and involves no properties specific to the electron. The arguments used to prove this result crucially rely on the existence of a collective particle momentum expressing quantum coherence. By including gauge fields other than the electromagnetic one, we promote the idea that Hall quantization is of necessity derivable from a topological quantum number related to this coherence. It will be shown that this prediction about the nature of the quantum Hall effect is verifiable within current technological means.The main quantity of interest to us is the total particle momentum p = mv + mΩ × r + qA .Typeset using EURO-T E X

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confidence: 99%

Hall state quantization in a rotating frame

Fischer¹,

Schopohl²

2001

Europhys. Lett.

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“…Superfluid 3 He is a typical anisotropic Fermionic superfluid consisting of spin-triplet p-wave Cooper pairs. 1 The order parameter of superfluid 3 He is characterized by 3×3 complex fields, which allows an existence of a rich variety of topological excitations. An example of topological excitations is a quantized vortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An example of topological excitations is a quantized vortex. Quantized vortices in superfluid 3 He involve extremely rich physical phenomena and this topic has been studied for decades. 2,3 Quantized vortices in superfluid 3 He are classified by the symmetry property.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantized vortices in superfluid 3 He involve extremely rich physical phenomena and this topic has been studied for decades. 2,3 Quantized vortices in superfluid 3 He are classified by the symmetry property. 4,5 Several types of axisymmetric vortices exist, depending on which discrete symmetries are preserved in the order parameter of the vortex states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The actual vortex structure at given temperature and pressure is obtained by minimizing the appropriate free energy. For the 3 He-B phase, from many theoretical studies, it has been known that three types of vortices exist as the local minima of the free energy. One possible structure is known as the o-vortex, 6,7 which preserves the maximal symmetry group and its core is filled with the normal component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a magnetic field on vortex states in superfluid He3−B

et al. 2019

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Superfluid 3 He-B possesses three locally stable vortices known as a normal-core vortex (o-vortex), an A-phase-core vortex (v-vortex), and a double-core vortex (d-vortex). In this work, we study the effects of a magnetic field parallel or perpendicular to the vortex axis on these structures by solving the two-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau equation for two different sets of strong coupling correction. The energies of the v-and d-vortices have nontrivial dependence on the magnetic field. As a longitudinal magnetic field increases, the v-vortex is energetically unstable even for high pressures and the d-vortex becomes energetically most stable for all possible range of pressure. For a transverse magnetic field the energy of the v-vortex becomes lower than that of the d-vortex in the high pressure side. In addition, the orientation of the double cores in the d-vortex prefers to be parallel to the magnetic field at low pressures, while the d-vortex with the double cores perpendicular to the magnetic field is allowed to continuously deform into the v-vortex by increasing the pressure.

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Superfluidity: Liquid Helium Systems

Fisher

Pickett

2003

Digital Encyclopedia of Applied Physics

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The vortices of superfluid 3He

Cited by 55 publications

References 31 publications

Hall state quantization in a rotating frame

Hall state quantization in a rotating frame

Effects of a magnetic field on vortex states in superfluid He3−B

Superfluidity: Liquid Helium Systems

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