The voltammetric response of ethanolamine at gold electrodes in alkaline media

Jackson, Warren A.; LaCourse, William R.; Dobberpuhl, David; Johnson, Dennis C.

doi:10.1002/elan.1140030704

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Studies on gold have been limited to the voltammetric response of ethylamine upon anodic oxidation in aqueous alkaline media. The simultaneous oxidation of ethylamine and gold oxide (AuO) formation has been observed both by Luo et al [37] and Johnson et al [38][39][40]. Acetonitrile has been proposed as a product of this amine oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Structure––reactivity relationships: the oxidation of aliphatic amines on the gold electrode

Łuczak

2006

J Appl Electrochem

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The electrooxidation of isomeric butylamines at a gold electrode in contact with an alkaline electrolyte solution was studied by cyclic voltammetry. Differences in the electrochemical activity of the isomers were found. It was ascertained that the amine oxidation is catalysed by the gold oxide layer. Substrate molecules are adsorbed on the gold electrode surface in the potential range preceding the oxidation. The adsorptive behaviour of the substrate molecules was evaluated on the basis of changes in the differential capacitance of the double layer at the electrode/solution interface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Structure––reactivity relationships: the oxidation of aliphatic amines on the gold electrode

Łuczak

2006

J Appl Electrochem

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“…The formation of the oxide of the metal at higher positive potentials passivates the electrode towards oxidation of these groups. However, the oxidation of amino functionalities at the gold electrode has been shown to occur concurrently with the formation of the oxide [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Amino Acids at a Silver Oxide/Silver Phosphate Electrode and the Analysis of Structure‐Response Relationships

DeMott

Jahngen

2005

Electroanalysis

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When a silver electrode is conditioned in a solution of 0.5 M sodium hydroxide with added sodium phosphate and using a dual pulse (500 mV/750 mV vs. Ag/AgCl), a stable silver(I)/silver(II) oxide surface is formed. It has been previously shown that various moieties react with the silver(II) oxide in a chemical oxidation at the outer surface of the oxide layer. This is then followed by re-oxidation of the silver with the generation of current at approximately 500 mV relative to the silver/silver chloride electrode. Previously we found the need to remove carbon dioxide from the base and condition the electrode in a solution containing phosphate ion in order to provide mechanical stability to the oxide layer. We have previously shown this electrode to be applicable to the detection of a variety of carbohydrates. The applicability of the silver oxide/silver phosphate electrode to the post-chromatographic amperometric detection of amino acids was investigated. Calibration studies of amino acids representative of the various classes demonstrated good sensitivity and linearity in the 1 -100 mM range. Responses of amino acids were measured using glucose as an external standard, in order to correct for variability of the oxide layer. Relative responses of the amino acids ranged from 3 down to 0.1. Correlation with structure suggested the importance of absorption in determining the rate of oxidation. Comparison of arginine with n-benzoyl-l-arginine ethyl ester indicated that side chains as well as the backbone amino group can be oxidized. A Levitch plot of alanine was shown to be linear from approximately 30 to 300 radians per second spin rate at a scan rate of 50 mV per second. Application to post-chromatographic detection was demonstrated.

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“…The literature gives rather scarce experimental evidence for the electrochemical behaviour of aliphatic amines. For gold, it has been established that oxidation of ethylamine in alkaline media occurs concomitantly with gold oxide formation [37][38][39][40]. More recently, relationships between the adsorption properties and electrocatalytic oxidation of a homologous series of aliphatic amines ranging from methylamine to butylamine have been evaluated and discussed [41][42][43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical behaviour of benzylamine, 2-phenylethylamine and 4-hydroxyphenylethylamine at gold. A comparative study

Łuczak

2007

J Appl Electrochem

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The electrooxidation of benzylamine, 2-phenylethylamine and 4-hydroxyphenylethylamine (tyramine) at a gold electrode in contact with an alkaline electrolyte solution was studied. The effect of amine concentration, electrolyte pH and potential scan rate on the electrooxidation was analysed. The adsorption of amines on the goldsolution interface was found to play a significant role in the oxidation mechanism. The rate determining step was the heterogeneous dehydrogenation of the amine molecule, involving electron transfer to the gold electrode and the formation of a water molecule. The catalytic effect of the gold electrode on both benzylamine and 2-phenylethylamine oxidation is higher than that for tyramine.

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The voltammetric response of ethanolamine at gold electrodes in alkaline media

Cited by 30 publications

References 27 publications

Structure––reactivity relationships: the oxidation of aliphatic amines on the gold electrode

Structure––reactivity relationships: the oxidation of aliphatic amines on the gold electrode

Determination of Amino Acids at a Silver Oxide/Silver Phosphate Electrode and the Analysis of Structure‐Response Relationships

Electrochemical behaviour of benzylamine, 2-phenylethylamine and 4-hydroxyphenylethylamine at gold. A comparative study

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