“…Colonoscopy may show a soft erythematous mass, with a central crater due to the protrusion of appendiceal ostium, which can increase or decrease according to the respiratory movement 15 . This condition is known as "volcano sign" 16 ( Figure 2). This examination may still show the presence of synchronic neoplastic lesions in the colon, which occur in up to 20% of the cases 17 .…”
Mucocele of the appendix is a rare disease. It can be triggered by benign or malignant diseases, which cause the obstruction of the appendix and the consequent accumulation of mucus secretion. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult due to non-specific clinical manifestations of the disease. Imaging tests can suggest the diagnosis. the treatment is always surgical and depends on the integrity and size of the appendix base and on the histological type of the original lesion. the prognosis is good in cases of integrity of the appendix. the perforation of the appendix and subsequent extravasation of its contents into the abdominal cavity may lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei, which has very poor prognosis if not treated properly.
“…Colonoscopy may show a soft erythematous mass, with a central crater due to the protrusion of appendiceal ostium, which can increase or decrease according to the respiratory movement 15 . This condition is known as "volcano sign" 16 ( Figure 2). This examination may still show the presence of synchronic neoplastic lesions in the colon, which occur in up to 20% of the cases 17 .…”
Mucocele of the appendix is a rare disease. It can be triggered by benign or malignant diseases, which cause the obstruction of the appendix and the consequent accumulation of mucus secretion. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult due to non-specific clinical manifestations of the disease. Imaging tests can suggest the diagnosis. the treatment is always surgical and depends on the integrity and size of the appendix base and on the histological type of the original lesion. the prognosis is good in cases of integrity of the appendix. the perforation of the appendix and subsequent extravasation of its contents into the abdominal cavity may lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei, which has very poor prognosis if not treated properly.
“…[23] To rule out the association of colorectal neoplasm, a colonoscopy is recommended in all patients in whom there is a suspicion of an appendiceal mucocele. [9] Colonoscopic findings include the "volcano sign" in which the appendiceal orifice is observed in the center of a firm mound covered by normal mucosa or a yellowish, lipoma-like submucosal mass [24] Mucosal biopsies are often normal; [9] however, in our study, the mucocele was an incidental finding during the colonoscopy of two patients.…”
BACKGROUND:The term mucocele refers to the dilatation of the appendix due to mucus, and it is an uncommon disorder with an estimated incidence of 0.2%-0.3% of all appendectomies performed and 8%-10% of all appendiceal tumors. It is often asymptomatic, but may manifest appendicitis-like symptoms.
“…It was described as a yellowish, submucosal, lipoma-like mass due to its soft consistency. In another report of 2 cases [19], the appendiceal orifice was seen in the center of a firm mound covered by normal-appearing mucosa -the 'volcano sign'. In the above reports, pathologic examination revealed either 'benign mucoceles' or MCs.…”
Preoperative diagnosis of appendiceal mucoceles is rare. If untreated, one type of mucoceles may rupture producing a potentially fatal entity known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. The importance of diagnosing appendiceal mucoceles is highlighted through a case presentation of a woman who had an incidental finding of mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix during colonoscopic evaluation for occult gastrointestinal bleeding. A detailed review of the medical literature regarding appendiceal mucoceles is presented, with emphasis on the pathologic, clinical, radiologic, and evolving endoscopic features. Surgical options and prognosis are discussed.
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