The VOL‐CALPUFF model for atmospheric ash dispersal: 1. Approach and physical formulation

Barsotti, Sara; Neri, Augusto; Scire, J.S.

doi:10.1029/2006jb004623

Cited by 92 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In this work we present an extension of the Eulerian steady-state volcanic plume model presented in Barsotti et al (2008) (derived from Bursik, 2001) obtained by adopting the method of moments. In contrast to the original works where pyroclastic particles are partitioned into a finite number of classes with different sizes and properties, the new model is able to consider a continuous size distribution function of pyroclasts, f (D), representing the number or the mass fraction of particles (per unit volume) with diameter between D and D + dD.…”

Section: De' Michieli Vitturi Et Al: Plume-mommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to previous works, where the solid particles are partitioned in a finite number of classes with different sizes (Barsotti et al, 2008), we introduce here a continuous size distribution function representing the number (or mass) concentration of particles (per unit volume) as a function of particle diameter. In general, this particle size distribution (PSD) is a function of time t, of the spatial coordinate and of the diameter of the particles.…”

Section: Moments Of the Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the following, we will use the subscript atm to denote the atmospheric air and wv for the volcanic water vapor. In contrast to the approach used in Barsotti et al (2008), where a constant settling velocity for each class is provided by the user, here several models have been implemented in the code (Pfeiffer et al, 2005;Textor et al, 2006a, b). For the application presented in this work, the settling velocity is defined as a function of the particle diameter and density as in Textor et al (2006a):…”

Section: Moments Of Other Quantitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PLUME-MoM 1.0: A new integral model of volcanic plumes based on the method of moments

2015

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Abstract. In this paper a new integral mathematical model for volcanic plumes, named PLUME-MoM, is presented. The model describes the steady-state dynamics of a plume in a 3-D coordinate system, accounting for continuous variability in particle size distribution of the pyroclastic mixture ejected at the vent. Volcanic plumes are composed of pyroclastic particles of many different sizes ranging from a few microns up to several centimeters and more. A proper description of such a multi-particle nature is crucial when quantifying changes in grain-size distribution along the plume and, therefore, for better characterization of source conditions of ash dispersal models. The new model is based on the method of moments, which allows for a description of the pyroclastic mixture dynamics not only in the spatial domain but also in the space of parameters of the continuous size distribution of the particles. This is achieved by formulation of fundamental transport equations for the multi-particle mixture with respect to the different moments of the grainsize distribution. Different formulations, in terms of the distribution of the particle number, as well as of the mass distribution expressed in terms of the Krumbein log scale, are also derived. Comparison between the new moments-based formulation and the classical approach, based on the discretization of the mixture in N discrete phases, shows that the new model allows for the same results to be obtained with a significantly lower computational cost (particularly when a large number of discrete phases is adopted). Application of the new model, coupled with uncertainty quantification and global sensitivity analyses, enables the investigation of the response of four key output variables (mean and standard deviation of the grain-size distribution at the top of the plume, plume height and amount of mass lost by the plume during the ascent) to changes in the main input parameters (mean and standard deviation) characterizing the pyroclastic mixture at the base of the plume. Results show that, for the range of parameters investigated and without considering interparticle processes such as aggregation or comminution, the grain-size distribution at the top of the plume is remarkably similar to that at the base and that the plume height is only weakly affected by the parameters of the grain distribution. The adopted approach can be potentially extended to the consideration of key particle-particle effects occurring in the plume including particle aggregation and fragmentation.

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Section: De' Michieli Vitturi Et Al: Plume-mommentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Moments Of the Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Moments Of Other Quantitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PLUME-MoM 1.0: A new integral model of volcanic plumes based on the method of moments

2015

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“…org). Puff models (Holmes and Morawska 2006;Barsotti et al 2008;Cao et al 2011) are an improvement over Gaussian plume models and can be applied to non-stationary and non-homogeneous flow by representing a plume by a series of independent elements (puffs) that evolve in time as a function of temporally and spatially varying meteorological conditions (Jung et al 2003). CALPUFF modeling requires three types of input: topographical (land use data and coastline data), meteorological, and emission data.…”

Section: Calpuff Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the ambient air quality due to the dispersion of non-methane organic compounds from Barka Landfill

Abdul‐Wahab

Al-Hajri

Yetilmezsoy

2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This study used the CALPUFF modeling system to study the impact of an area's geophysical and meteorological conditions on the dispersion of nonmethane organic compounds (NMOCs) into the atmosphere from the 17-year-old Barka Landfill. Barka Landfill is located in Barka, Batinah, in the north of the Sultanate of Oman. It receives waste from nearby regions such as Nakhal, Seeb, and Wadi Al-Maawel, affecting the town of Barka with landfill gas (LFG) pollution. The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the air dispersion of one group of NMOC gases on Barka and the region around it. The top five values of the concentrations with different average time periods, namely 1, 3 and 23 h, were compared with the allowable emission rate defined by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The results demonstrated that the present integrated modeling system (consisting of a 3D diagnostic CALMET model and Lagrangian puff dispersion CALPUFF model) could be utilized as a useful tool for evaluating the top five peak values of the NMOC emissions of the different time periods.

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“…These flaws have been corrected in most of the recent numerical models (e.g. Macedonio et al, 2005;Costa et al, 2006;Barsotti et al, 2008;Schwaiger et al, 2012) through the integration of a particle shape factor (Wilson and Huang, 1979;Ganser, 1993;Dellino et al, 2005) accounting for the non-spherical character of volcanic ash. The result is a significant improvement in the modeling of tephra transport and dispersal, which underlines the need for reliable techniques to fully characterize the shape of volcanic ash particles.…”

Section: Introduction and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution 3D analyses of the shape and internal constituents of small volcanic ash particles: The contribution of SEM micro-computed tomography (SEM micro-CT)

Vonlanthen

Rausch

Ketcham

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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The morphology of small volcanic ash particles is fundamental to our understanding of magma fragmentation, and in transport modeling of volcanic plumes and clouds. Until recently, the analysis of 3D features in small objects (b250 μm) was either restricted to extrapolations from 2D approaches, partial stereo-imaging, or CT methods having limited spatial resolution and/or accessibility. In this study, an X-ray computed-tomography technique known as SEM micro-CT, also called 3D X-ray ultramicroscopy (3D XuM), was used to investigate the 3D morphology of small volcanic ash particles (125-250 μm sieve fraction), as well as their vesicle and microcrystal distribution. The samples were selected from four stratigraphically well-established tephra layers of the Meerfelder Maar (West Eifel Volcanic Field, Germany). Resolution tests performed on a Beametr v1 pattern sample along with Monte Carlo simulations of X-ray emission volumes indicated that a spatial resolution of 0.65 μm was obtained for X-ray shadow projections using a standard thermionic SEM and a bulk brass target as X-ray source. Analysis of a smaller volcanic ash particle (64-125 μm sieve fraction) showed that features with volumes N 20 μm 3 (~3.5 μm in diameter) can be successfully reconstructed and quantified. In addition, new functionalities of the Blob3D software were developed to allow the particle shape factors frequently used as input parameters in ash transport and dispersion models to be calculated. This study indicates that SEM micro-CT is very well suited to quantify the various aspects of shape in fine volcanic ash, and potentially also to investigate the 3D morphology and internal structure of any object b 0.1 mm 3 .

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The VOL‐CALPUFF model for atmospheric ash dispersal: 1. Approach and physical formulation

Cited by 92 publications

References 57 publications

PLUME-MoM 1.0: A new integral model of volcanic plumes based on the method of moments

PLUME-MoM 1.0: A new integral model of volcanic plumes based on the method of moments

Impact of the ambient air quality due to the dispersion of non-methane organic compounds from Barka Landfill

High-resolution 3D analyses of the shape and internal constituents of small volcanic ash particles: The contribution of SEM micro-computed tomography (SEM micro-CT)

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