The Voices of African American Agriculture Teachers in One Southern State Regarding the NFA/FFA Merger

Abstract

Sustaining human capital in the agricultural industry is critical to the United States' ability to maintain preeminence in the global economy. This goal has become a greater challenge due to declining participation in agricultural academic programs, particularly at 1890 institutions. Although the anticipated outcome of the 1965 "merger" of the New Farmers of America (NFA) and the Future Farmers of America (FFA) was to achieve synergy in this effort, the outcome was counterproductive in terms of the participation by people of color. This qualitative study utilized interviews, guided by 7 questions, to examine 22 African American teachers' perceptions of the impact of the merger. Participants taught agriculture in public schools in one southern state and/or were members and/or advisors in the NFA. Participants perceived that the merger was a "takeover" that led to a critical absence of participation and leadership development among African American youths. Participants agreed that the merger had a drastic, negative impact on the number of African American agriculture teachers produced and the number of individuals in the pipeline for agriculture-related careers, thus, a negative impact on building the industry's human capital. Findings from this study should induce innovative strategies to overcome the shortage of African Americans pursuing agriculture-related careers.

Diversity, equity, and inclusion in natural science education: A review of literature

“…Further, scholars also describe the FFA, the youth leadership organization affiliated with agricultural education, as heavily shaped by Southern Agrarianism, the predominant ideology in rural America during the formative years of the FFA organization (Martin & Kitchell, 2013). The values of tradition and self‐dependency expounded by Southern Agrarianism created a broad appeal for FFA among rural youth in the dominant culture but continue to create barriers for culturally diverse students (Barajas et al., 2020; Jones et al., 2021; Martin & Kitchell, 2013).…”

Transformative Learning in an African American Agriculture Course

“…There were more than 52,000 AA members in NFA when the decision to merge with FFA was finalized (Wakefield & Talbert, 2000). The migration was difficult on AAs (Jones et al, 2021). According to the 2017 National FFA Foundation report, AAs account for 3.9% (approximately 25,000) of membership, which is significantly less than membership in the 1960s (National FFA Organization, 2018).…”