The Vividness of the Happy Face

Becker, David V.; Srinivasan, Narayanan

doi:10.1177/0963721414533702

Cited by 89 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, for affective empathy, we did not hypothesise that these children would also show impaired affective empathy for happiness based on the previous studies [11,39]. Future research should aim to clarify the nature of affective empathy impairments in antisocial populations, especially as happiness may diffuse hostility and encourage prosocial behaviour [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

The nature and extent of emotion recognition and empathy impairments in children showing disruptive behaviour referred into a crime prevention programme

Hunnikin

Wells

Ash

et al. 2019

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Childhood disruptive behaviour has been linked to later antisocial and criminal behaviour. Emotion recognition and empathy impairments, thought to be caused by inattention to the eye region, are hypothesised to contribute to antisocial and criminal behaviour. This is the first study to simultaneously examine emotion recognition and empathy impairments, their relationship, and the mechanism behind these impairments, in children with disruptive behaviour. We hypothesised that children with disruptive behaviour would exhibit negative emotion recognition and cognitive and affective empathy impairments, but that these impairments would not be due to reduced attention to the eye region. We expected these emotion impairments to be driven by disruptive behaviour. We also expected a relationship between emotion recognition and cognitive empathy only. Ninety-two children with disruptive behaviour, who were participating in a police crime prevention programme and rated by their schoolteacher using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (DB; mean age 8.8 years, 80% male), took part. There was a comparison group of 58 typically developing children (TD; mean age 9.7 years, 78% male). All children completed emotion recognition and empathy tasks, both with concurrent eye tracking to assess social attention. Not only were DB children significantly impaired in negative emotion and neutral emotion recognition, and in cognitive and affective empathy compared to the TD children, but severity of disruptive behaviour also predicted intensity of emotion impairments. There were no differences in social attention to the eye region. Negative emotion recognition and empathy impairments are already present in an identifiable group of children displaying disruptive behaviour. These findings provide evidence to encourage the use of targeted interventions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

The nature and extent of emotion recognition and empathy impairments in children showing disruptive behaviour referred into a crime prevention programme

Hunnikin

Wells

Ash

et al. 2019

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, Smith and Schyns (2009) showed that happy and surprise expressions are recognised easier than sad, angry, fearful and disgust expressions, even over a wide range of viewing distances. However, according to a recent meta-analysis (Nummenmaa & Calvo, 2015; see also Becker and Srinivasan, 2014), the authors conclude that the robust happy advantage found in many studies with healthy individuals seems to reflect its affective valence and not lowlevel visual features. Nevertheless, future research should carefully control for the visual conspicuity of the facial stimuli (e.g., luminance, contrast, spatial frequency) in order to disentangle if the dissociations in processing emotional social stimuli should solely be attributed to emotional factors, and whether visual information has an additive effect in studies using clinical samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: The effects of perceptual load in processing emotional facial expression in psychotic disorders

Grave

Soares

Morais

et al. 2017

Psychiatry Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C TPsychotic disorders are some of the most severe psychiatric conditions. Patients have difficulties in identifying facial expressions and appear to be highly sensitive to the presence of emotional distractors. Yet, no study has investigated whether perceptual load modulates the interference of emotional distractors. Our goal was to test whether psychotic patients were more sensitive to irrelevant emotional stimulus, even when the task demands a high amount of attentional resources. Twenty-two participants with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and twenty-two healthy controls, performed a target letter discrimination task with emotional task-irrelevant stimulus (angry, happy and neutral facial expressions). Target-letters were presented among distrator-letters, which could be similar (low perceptual load) or different (high load); participants should discriminate the target-letter and ignore the facial expression. Results showed that patients were more prone to distraction by task-irrelevant stimulus, especially under high load, suggesting difficulties in attention control. Moreover, in psychotic patients, happy faces caused higher interference with the task, whereas neutral and angry faces resulted in less interference. These findings could provide innovative approaches regarding attentional deficits on social contexts in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

show abstract

“…One example is the human fear expression, argued to have evolved its current form to resemble a babyish appearance, thereby eliciting a functional caretaking response from others (Marsh, Adams, & Kleck, 2005). Likewise, happy facial expressions are argued to have evolved because they efficiently diffuse impressions of threat by perceivers from a distance; happy expressions also benefit from a preattentive recognition advantage that emerges in as little as 27 milliseconds, presumably exploiting older, more basic perceptual mechanisms (Becker & Srinivasan, 2014). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Vision: Applying a Social-Functional Approach to Face and Expression Perception

Adams

Albohn

Kveraga

2017

Curr Dir Psychol Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A social-functional approach to face processing comes with a number of assumptions. First, given that humans possess limited cognitive resources, it assumes that we naturally allocate attention to processing and integrating the most adaptively relevant social cues. Second, from these cues, we make behavioral forecasts about others in order to respond in an efficient and adaptive manner. This assumption aligns with broader ecological accounts of vision that highlight a direct action-perception link, even for nonsocial vision. Third, humans are naturally predisposed to process faces in this functionally adaptive manner. This latter contention is implied by our attraction to dynamic aspects of the face, including looking behavior and facial expressions, from which we tend to overgeneralize inferences, even when forming impressions of stable traits. The functional approach helps to address how and why observers are able to integrate functionally related compound social cues in a manner that is ecologically relevant and thus adaptive.

show abstract

The Vividness of the Happy Face

Cited by 89 publications

References 32 publications

The nature and extent of emotion recognition and empathy impairments in children showing disruptive behaviour referred into a crime prevention programme

The nature and extent of emotion recognition and empathy impairments in children showing disruptive behaviour referred into a crime prevention programme

RETRACTED: The effects of perceptual load in processing emotional facial expression in psychotic disorders

Social Vision: Applying a Social-Functional Approach to Face and Expression Perception

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About