The Vitreous Body and Its Role in the Diagnosis of Eye Pathologies

Durán, M. Asencio; Dabad-Moreno, José Vicente; Vicandi-Plaza, Blanca; Muñoz, Manzano; Capote-Díez, María; Santisteban, Gloria Amorena

doi:10.18103/mra.v9i9.2543

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Заметим, некоторые шаги уже предприняты в этом направлении. Так, проанализирован широкий спектр цитокинов в передней камере и продемонстрированы повышенные их концентрации в водянистой влаге глаз с УМ [7][8][9][10]. Однако большинство УМ возникает в хориоидее и контактирует со СТЖ.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Высокая зависимость прогноза с развитием собственной сосудистой сети опухоли обосновывает необходимость изучения особенностей молекулярного ангиогенеза, который, как известно, контролируется и регулируется широким спектром про-и антиангиогенных факторов [5,6]. В этом аспекте стекловидная жидкость (СТЖ) -один из ценных информативных объектов для изучения опухолевого ангиогенеза и поиска подходов к будущим фармацевтическим стратегиям [7][8][9][10]. До недавнего времени было невозможно определить в небольшом количестве стекловидной жидкости (50 мкл) одновременно несколько факторов роста.…”

Section: актуальностьunclassified

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Liquid Biopsy for Uveal Melanoma. Does It Make Sense?

Ovanesyan¹,

Likhvantseva

Рычкова

et al. 2022

Oftalʹmologiâ

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Purpose: to study the informativeness and appropriateness of liquid biopsy in uveal melanoma (UM).Material and methods. Performed a liquid biopsy (synonym: vitreous fluid biopsy, CST) of enucleated eyes with UM. CST samples were used to quantify the concentration of pro-(IL-8, angiogenin, TNF-α, VEGF, bFGF) and antiangiogenic (IFN-α, TGF-β, IFN-γ) growth factors by multiplex flow cytometry. Compared with the indicators of patients with senile cataracts.Results. Liquid biopsy provided valuable and reliable information about the spectrum of cytokines and their quantitative indicators in the CTZ of the eyes with UM. Compared with senile cataracts in the vitreous fluid of the eyes with UM, there was a significant increase in the frequency of detection and level of proangiogenic cytokines TNF-α (80.0 % vs. 47.5 %, p < 0.05; Msr ± m: 4.3 ± 1.1 pg/ml against 1.4 ± 0.3 pg/ml, p < 0.05), IL-8 (100 % vs. 75 %, p < 0.01; 323.2 ± 227.9 pg/ml versus 8.5 ± 1.5 pg/ml, r < 0.001), angiogenin (11704.9 ± 1767.7 pg/ml versus 2820.15 ± 1404.90 pg/ml, r < 0.01), VEGF (100.0 % vs. 68.2 %; p < 0.05; 471.49 ± 154.60 pg/ml vs. 18.4 ± 3.2 pg/ml, p < 0.05; 471.49 ± 154.60 pg/ml vs. 18.4 ± 3.2 pg/ml, p < 0.05) and bFGF (60.0 % vs. 26.7 %, p < 0.05; Msr: 44.6 ± 16.2 vs. 2.7 ± 1.0, p < 0.001). In both groups of patients, the antiangiogenic factor TGF-β was not detected, but the concentration of IFN-γ was found in five of the eight samples at the level of 14.9 ± 12.2 pg/ml, and the levels of IFN were 4 times higher: 17.6 ± 3.9 pg/ml against 4.4 ± 0.4 pg/ml (p < 0.05).Conclusions. Liquid eye biopsy with UM using multiplex flow cytometry can be a valuable and highly informative tool for studying UM phenotypes, in the development and selection of molecular targets for antiangiogenic or other targeted therapies. Elevated levels of proangiogenic growth factors (IL-8, angiogenin, TNF-α, VEGF and bFGF) in vitreous fluid in UM indicate the presence simultaneously of three mechanisms for stimulating angiogenesis, two of which are independent of VEGF, act independently, and may show synergism. Insufficiently high levels of interferons (IFN-γ and IFN-α) against the background of the absence of TGF-β in the vitreous fluid allow us to think that the secretion and control of the regulation of the natural angiostatic link of angiogenesis in the eyes with choroidal melanoma is suppressed. High levels of cytokines with pluripotent (proangiogenic and pro-inflammatory) properties indicate that in choroidal tumors, inflammation may play the role of a promoter of angiogenesis.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: актуальностьunclassified

Liquid Biopsy for Uveal Melanoma. Does It Make Sense?

Ovanesyan¹,

Likhvantseva

Рычкова

et al. 2022

Oftalʹmologiâ

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“…The vitreous body is a clear, avascular gel-like substance occupying the majority of the eyeball ( Figure 1 A) [ 96 ]. It performs several important functions, including maintaining the shape of the eyeball, acting as a shock absorber, protecting the retina from mechanical stress, and participating in light transmission towards the retina [ 97 ].…”

Section: Eye Anatomy Barriers and Routes In Ocular Drug Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers as Ocular Drug Delivery Platforms

Gugleva

Andonova

2023

Pharmaceuticals

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Sufficient ocular bioavailability is often considered a challenge by the researchers, due to the complex structure of the eye and its protective physiological mechanisms. In addition, the low viscosity of the eye drops and the resulting short ocular residence time further contribute to the observed low drug concentration at the target site. Therefore, various drug delivery platforms are being developed to enhance ocular bioavailability, provide controlled and sustained drug release, reduce the number of applications, and maximize therapy outcomes. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) exhibit all these benefits, in addition to being biocompatible, biodegradable, and susceptible to sterilization and scale-up. Furthermore, their successive surface modification contributes to prolonged ocular residence time (by adding cationic compounds), enhanced penetration, and improved performance. The review highlights the salient characteristics of SLNs and NLCs concerning ocular drug delivery, and updates the research progress in this area.

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The Vitreous Body and Its Role in the Diagnosis of Eye Pathologies

Cited by 2 publications

References 60 publications

Liquid Biopsy for Uveal Melanoma. Does It Make Sense?

Liquid Biopsy for Uveal Melanoma. Does It Make Sense?

Recent Progress of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers as Ocular Drug Delivery Platforms

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