The Vitamin B Requirement of the Calf

Bechdel, S. I.; Eckles, Clarence Henry; Palmer, Leroy S.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(26)93912-x

Cited by 37 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Eleven years later Bechdel, Eckles and Palmer (1926) showed that heifer calves could grow to maturity and reproduce on a ration which contained insufficient "vitamin B" to support the growth of young rats for more than 2 to 4 weeks. They incidentally found that the apparent immunity of the calf to deprivation of vitamins did not extend to vitamin A and confirmed the earlier opinion of Hart, Steenbock, Humphrey and Hulce (1924-25) that this factor is indispensable in ruminant nutrition.…”

Section: Synthesis In Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Vitamins by Micro-organisms of the Alimentary Tract

Kon

1945

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Section: Synthesis In Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Vitamins by Micro-organisms of the Alimentary Tract

Kon

1945

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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“…Vitamin A was shown to be indispensable for the normal growth and development of calves (Jones et al, 1926). However, calves could grow and reproduce normally on a ration that contained vitamin B insufficient to support the growth and well-being of rats; the deficit in dietary vitamin B was proposed to be synthesized by the rumen bacteria (Bechdel et al, 1926). Likewise, heifers were shown to grow normally for 1 yr on a ration that resulted in death from scurvy of guinea pigs in less than 30 d (Thurston et al, 1926), indicating that heifers can synthesize sufficient vitamin C. Calves grown from birth to first calving in the dark grew normally (Gullickson and Eckles, 1927).…”

Section: Vitamins and Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 100-Year Review: A century of dairy heifer research

Heinrichs

Zanton

Lascano

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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The years 1917 to 2017 saw many advances in research related to the dairy heifer, and the Journal of Dairy Science currently publishes more than 20 articles per year focused on heifers. In general, nutrition and management changes made in rearing the dairy heifer have been tremendous in the past century. The earliest literature on the growing heifer identified costs of feeding and implications of growth on future productivity as major concepts requiring further study to improve the overall sustainability of the dairy herd. Research into growth rates and standards for body size and stature have been instrumental in developing rearing programs that provide heifers with adequate nutrients to support growth and improve milk production in first lactation. Nutrient requirements, most notably for protein but also for energy, minerals, and vitamins, have been researched extensively. Scientific evaluation of heifer programs also encouraged a dramatic shift toward a lower average age at first calving over the past 30 yr. Calving at 22 to 24 mo best balances the cost of growing heifers with their production and lifetime income potential. Increasingly, farms have become more progressive in adopting management practices based on the physiology and nutrient needs of the heifer while refining key economic strategies to be successful. Research published in the Journal of Dairy Science has an integral role in the progress of dairy heifer programs around the world.

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“…(1925)), while Bechdel et al (1926) showed that calves could grow to maturity on a diet devoid of vitamin B and Bechdel et al (1927Bechdel et al ( , 1928 isolated an organism of the genus Flavobacterium, from the rumen of a cow on a vitamin B-free diet. They consider this organism which they stated constituted 90 per cent of the rumen microflora to be responsible for the supply of vitamin B to the cow.…”

Section: Bacteriological Investigation Of the Faeces And Intestimentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of factors governing potato-starch refection in rats

Kon¹,

Kon²,

Mattick³

1938

J. Hyg.

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No accepted or acceptable explanation of the phenomenon has yet been put forward. It has been suggested by the various authors and particularly by Fridericia et al. (1927) that bacterial synthesis of vitamin B in the intestine of the rat may be the explanation of the condition. Schieblich & Rodenkirchen (1929) have described a “vibrio-like” organism which they claim to be responsible for refection, but this finding has so far not been confirmed. In a recent dissertation on refection Nathan (1935) believes that the explanation is coupled with the nature of the starch in the diet rather than with an infection with a specific type of organism.

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The Vitamin B Requirement of the Calf

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Synthesis of Vitamins by Micro-organisms of the Alimentary Tract

Synthesis of Vitamins by Micro-organisms of the Alimentary Tract

A 100-Year Review: A century of dairy heifer research

An investigation of factors governing potato-starch refection in rats

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