The Viscosity of Magmatic Liquids: Experiment, Generalized Patterns. A Model for Calculation and Prediction. Applications

Persikov, Edward S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3128-8_1

Cited by 59 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The intersection of the fits (Fig. 4) for the polymerized and depolymerized compositions at logη = 2.1±0.3 matches the composition of the transition between polymerized and depolymerized melts derived by plotting activation energy of viscous flow versus NBO/T (Persikov, 1991(Persikov, , 1998 of logη = 2.4 ± 0.1. By reproducing these relationships independently, we have demonstrated the robustness of this very important method of calculating the intrinsic property of water diffusivity in melts of different compositions (including water content) representing a wide range of temperature and pressure conditions.mixing, variable cooling rates, and variations in the P content of the magma, since we generate such features in our simple cooling experiments.…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

“…Although the SiO 2 content of the haplobasalt is closer to that of an andesite than a basalt, we refer to it as a haplobasalt based on its NBO/T parameter (67.7; Table 1; NBO/T is the ratio of non-bridging oxygens to those in tetrahedral sites), which is closer to that of a basalt than an andesite (average 100⋅NBO/T of 54 and 22, respectively, based on compositions given by LeMaitre, 1976; see details regarding NBO/T in Mysen, 1988, andPersikov, 1991). Both "nominally dry" 1 and hydrous glasses were used in experiments.…”

Section: Starting Materials and Glass Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Homogeneous hydrous glass starting materials with up to 4.5 wt.% H 2 O were synthesized in an internally heated gas pressure vessel (IHPV) at the Institute of Experimental Mineralogy (IEM), Russian Academy of Sciences (described in Persikov et al, 1990;Persikov, 1991;Persikov and Bukhtiyarov, 2004) using the following procedures: Powders (∼200 mg) of the two dry glass starting materials described above were loaded into Pt capsules open at one end (50 mm long, 3 mm in diameter, 0.1 mm wall thickness) along with 50-75 mg of doubly distilled H 2 O (i.e., sufficient to fill the interstices of the powders). These open capsules were placed in the sample holder of the internal device in the constant temperature zone of the IHPV.…”

Section: Starting Materials and Glass Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That this is possible for transport properties of silicate melts is demonstrated by the considerable success that has been achieved with parameterizing the viscosity of molten silicate as a function of chemical composition (Bottinga and Weill, 1972;Shaw, 1972;Persikov, 1990Persikov, , 1991Persikov, , 1998Persikov, , 2007Persikov et al, 1990;Persikov and Bukhtiyarov, 2004;Dingwell and Mysen, 1985;Mysen, 1988;Baker, 1996;Hess and Dingwell, 1996;Richet et al, 1996;Giordano and Dingwell, 2003;Zhang et al, 2003;Whittington et al, 2004;Vetere et al, 2006;Hui and Zhang, 2007;Giordano et al, 2008). As a first approximation of the dependence of D H 2 O on anhydrous melt composition, Behrens et al (2004) used SiO 2 content to represent compositional variation.…”

Section: Dependence Of Water Diffusivity On Anhydrous Melt Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Final Report for "Experimental Petrology and Chemistry of Volatile-Bearing Silicate Melts"

Stolper¹

2013

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Starting Materials and Glass Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Starting Materials and Glass Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dependence Of Water Diffusivity On Anhydrous Melt Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Final Report for "Experimental Petrology and Chemistry of Volatile-Bearing Silicate Melts"

Stolper¹

2013

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“…Viscosity has a complex dependence on melt composition, volatile content and temperature (equations (A28)-(A30)) through three viscosity parameters: activation energy of dry melt deformation (E•i), a viscosity constant 01') [Persikov, 1991], and a volatile correction coefficient (/ql)' The viscosity constant is the viscosity as…”

Section: Properties Of Rhyolitic and Basaltic Meltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics and energetics of bubble growth in magmas: Analytical formulation and numerical modeling

Proussevitch¹,

Sahagian²

1998

J. Geophys. Res.

216

154

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Abstract. We have developed a model of diffusive and decompressive growth of a bubble in a finite region of melt which accounts for the energetics of volatile degassing and melt deformation as well as the interactions between magmatic system parameters such as viscosity, volatile concentration, and diffusivity. On the basis of our formulation we constructed a numerical model of bubble growth in volcanic systems. We conducted a parametric study in which a saturated magma is instantaneously decompressed to one bar and the sensitivity of the system to variations in various parameters is examined. Variations of each of seven parameters over practical ranges of magmatic conditions can change bubble growth rates by 2-4 orders of magnitude. Our numerical formulation allows determination of the relative importance of each parameter controlling bubble growth for a given or evolving set of magmatic conditions. An analysis of the modeling results reveals that the commonly invoked parabolic law for bubble growth dynamics R -t 1/2 is not applicable to magma degassing at low pressures or high water oversaturation but that a logarithmic relationship R -log(t) is more appropriate during active bubble growth under certain conditions. A second aspect of our study involved a constant decompression bubble growth model in which an initially saturated magma was subjected to a constant rate of decompression. Model results for degassing of initially water-saturated rhyolitic magma with a constant decompression rate show that oversaturation at the vent depends on the initial depth of magma ascent. On the basis of decompression history, explosive eruptions of silicic magmas are expected for magmas rising from chambers deeper than 2 km for ascent rates > 1-5 m s-1.

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Transport properties of silicate melts

Hui

Steinle‐Neumann

2015

Reviews of Geophysics

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A quantitative description of the transport properties, diffusivity, viscosity, electrical, and thermal conductivity, of silicate melts is essential for understanding melting-related petrologic and geodynamic processes. We here provide a systematic overview on the current knowledge of these properties from experiments and molecular dynamics simulations, their dependence on pressure, temperature, and composition, atomistic processes underlying them, and physical models to describe their variations. We further establish phenomenological and physical links between diffusivity, viscosity, and electrical conductivity that are based on structural rearrangement in the melt. Neutral molecules and network-modifying cations with low electric field strength display intrinsic diffusivity, which is controlled by the intrinsic properties (size and valence) of the species. By contrast, oxygen and network formers with high field strength show extrinsic diffusivity, which is more sensitive to extrinsic parameters including temperature (T), pressure (P), and melt composition (X). Similar T-P-X dependence of diffusivity and electrical conductivity and their quantitative relation reveal the role of intrinsically diffusing species in electrical transport, while viscosity is tied to the extrinsically diffusing species in a similar way. However, the differences in the structural role and mobility of various atomic species diminish with increasing temperature and/or pressure: all transport processes are increasingly coupled, eventually converging to a uniform rate and mechanism. Accurate comprehension of interatomic interactions and melt structure is vital to fully accounting for the compositional dependence of transport properties, and simple polymerization parameters such as nonbridging oxygen per tetrahedrally coordinated cation are inadequate.

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The Viscosity of Magmatic Liquids: Experiment, Generalized Patterns. A Model for Calculation and Prediction. Applications

Cited by 59 publications

References 28 publications

Final Report for "Experimental Petrology and Chemistry of Volatile-Bearing Silicate Melts"

Final Report for "Experimental Petrology and Chemistry of Volatile-Bearing Silicate Melts"

Dynamics and energetics of bubble growth in magmas: Analytical formulation and numerical modeling

Transport properties of silicate melts

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