The Viscosity of Liquid Indium and Liquid Tin

Culpin, Millais

doi:10.1088/0370-1301/70/11/307

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…We have taken viscosity data from the NIST database at the same pressures as c v and converted it to τ using the Maxwell relationship , where η is viscosity and G ∞ is infinite-frequency shear modulus, giving . Viscosities of liquid metals and F 2 were taken from Refs 202122232425. and Ref 26,.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phonon theory of liquid thermodynamics

Bolmatov

Бражкин

Trachenko

2012

Sci Rep

201

298

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Heat capacity of matter is considered to be its most important property because it holds information about system's degrees of freedom as well as the regime in which the system operates, classical or quantum. Heat capacity is well understood in gases and solids but not in the third main state of matter, liquids, and is not discussed in physics textbooks as a result. The perceived difficulty is that interactions in a liquid are both strong and system-specific, implying that the energy strongly depends on the liquid type and that, therefore, liquid energy can not be calculated in general form. Here, we develop a phonon theory of liquids where this problem is avoided. The theory covers both classical and quantum regimes. We demonstrate good agreement of calculated and experimental heat capacity of 21 liquids, including noble, metallic, molecular and hydrogen-bonded network liquids in a wide range of temperature and pressure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phonon theory of liquid thermodynamics

Bolmatov

Бражкин

Trachenko

2012

Sci Rep

201

298

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“…After having already been updated with the thermal properties of Li [37] RACLETTE had to be modified to allow next to transient evaporative events also steady state heat exhaust through a liquid target made up of Li, Sn, Al, or Ga. Firstly the thermo-mechanical properties, e.g. for Sn [38,39], were included, and secondly the behavior of RACLETTE modified. RACLETTE distinguishes between basically 4 domains, the coolant, the tubing, the initial armor and the top armor.…”

Section: Heat Exhaust By Cps -Raclette Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly the fuel retention of liquid metals especially Li and Sn is highly uncertain and needs to be elaborated under controlled conditions. Tin as it doesn't readily form a stable hydrid may be less of an issue [4,38,39]. Thirdly, the heatexhaust of Sn under steady state and transient conditions needs to elaborated.…”

Section: Plasma Exposures and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid metals as alternative solution for the power exhaust of future fusion devices: status and perspective

Coenen

Temmerman

Federici³

et al. 2014

Phys. Scr.

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Abstract. Applying liquid metals as Plasma Facing Components for fusion powerexhaust can potentially ameliorate lifetime issues as well as limitations to the maximum allowed surface heat loads by allowing for a more direct contact with the coolant. The material choice has so far been focused on lithium (Li) as it showed beneficial impact on plasma operation. Here materials such as tin (Sn), gallium (Ga) and aluminum (Al) are discussed as alternatives potentially allowing higher operating temperatures without strong evaporation. Power loads of up to 25MW/m 2 for a Sn/W component can be envisioned based on calculations and modeling. Reaching a higher operating temperature due to material re-deposition will be discussed. Liquids are typically facing stability issues due to j × B forces, potential pressure and MHD driven instabilities. The Capillary Porous System is used for stabilization by a mesh (W,Mo) substrate and replenishment by means of capillary action.

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“…(b) Same as (a), showing the viscosity for silica, soda‐lime‐silica glass, fluoride glass, tellurite glass, chalcogenide glass ( A s 2 S 3 ), Teflon ® PTFE ‐6 polymer, polypropylene ( PP ) polymer, and amorphous selenium . (c) Same as (a), showing the viscosity for silicon, germanium, indium antimonide, tellurium, indium arsenide, indium, tin, and gold . (d) Linear thermal expansion coefficient ( TEC ) at room temperature for selected materials plotted against the melting temperature ( T m ) for metals and semiconductors (solid stars) and the glass transition temperature ( T g ) for the amorphous materials (solid dots).…”

Section: Materials Constraints and Fiber Drawingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimaterial Fibers

Tao

Stolyarov

Abouraddy

2012

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

146

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Recent progress in combining multiple materials with disparate optical, electronic, and thermomechanical properties monolithically in the same fiber drawn from a preform is paving the way to a new generation of multimaterial fibers endowed with unique functionalities delivered at optical fiber length scales and costs. A wide range of unique devices have been developed to date in fiber form‐factor using this strategy, such as transversely emitting fiber lasers, fibers that detect light, heat, or sound impinging on their external surfaces, and fibers containing crystalline semiconductor cores. Incorporating such fibers in future fabrics will lead to textiles with sophisticated functionality. Additionally, long‐standing issues in traditional applications of optical fibers have been addressed by multimaterial fibers, such as photonic bandgap guidance in hollow‐core all‐solid‐cladding fibers and imparting mechanical robustness to soft‐glass mid‐infrared fibers. We review recent progress in this nascent but rapidly growing field and highlight areas where growth is anticipated. Furthermore, the insights emerging from this research are pointing to new ways that the fiber drawing process itself may be leveraged as a fabrication methodology. In particular, we describe recent efforts directed at appropriating multimaterial‐fiber drawing for chemical synthesis and the fabrication of nanostructures such as nanowire arrays and structured nanoparticles.

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The Viscosity of Liquid Indium and Liquid Tin

Cited by 34 publications

References 17 publications

The phonon theory of liquid thermodynamics

The phonon theory of liquid thermodynamics

Liquid metals as alternative solution for the power exhaust of future fusion devices: status and perspective

Multimaterial Fibers

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