The Viscosity and Density of n-Dodecane and n-Octadecane at Pressures up to 200�MPa and Temperatures up to 473 K

Caudwell, Derek R.; Trusler, J. P. Martin; Vesovic, Velisa; Wakeham, W. A.

doi:10.1007/s10765-004-5742-0

Cited by 198 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(42 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

147

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Both effects are described accurately by a full-developed working equation for the instrument. 74,[77][78][79][80] The practical apparatus and standard operating procedures are described in detail by Ciotta (2010). 76 With a tungsten wire of 0.15 mm diameter fitted for this project, the instrument had a nominal working range for viscosity of approximately (0.5 to 100) mPa·s.…”

Section: Experimental Methods For Density and Viscosity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Experimental Data and Reference Models for the Viscosity and Density of Squalane

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Empirical models for the density and the viscosity of squalane (C30H62; 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane) have been developed based on an exhaustive review of the data available in the literature and new experimental density and viscosity measurements carried out as a part of this work. The literature review showed there was a substantial lack of density and viscosity data at high temperature (373 to 473) K and high pressure conditions (pressures up to 200 MPa). These gaps were addressed with new experimental measurements carried out at temperatures of (338 to 473) K and at pressures of (1 to 202.1) MPa. The new data were utilized in the model development to improve the density and viscosity calculation of squalane at all conditions including high temperatures and high pressures.The model presented in this work reproduces the best squalane density and viscosity data available based on a new combined outlier and regression algorithm. The combination of the empirical models and the regression approach resulted in models which could reproduce the experimental density data with average absolute percent deviation of 0.04%, bias of 0.000%, standard deviation of 0.05%, and maximum absolute percent deviation of 0.14% and reproduce the experimental viscosity data with average absolute percent deviation of 1.4%, bias of 0.02%, standard deviation of 1.8% and maximum absolute percent deviation of 4.9% over a wide range of temperatures and pressures. Based on the data set used in the model regression (without outliers), the density model is limited to the pressure and temperature ranges of (0.1 to 202.1) MPa and (273 to 525) K, while the viscosity model is limited to the pressure and temperature ranges of (0.1 to 467.0) MPa and (273 to 473) K. These models can be used to calibrate laboratory densitometers and viscometers at relevant hightemperature, high-pressure conditions.

show abstract

Section: Experimental Methods For Density and Viscosity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Experimental Data and Reference Models for the Viscosity and Density of Squalane

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lennard-Jones parameters were estimated with a new method developed especially for long-chain alkanes (97). The liquid-phase viscosity data of references (85,87,98) were used to provide the coefficients in Table 3, and a deviation plot for data up to 100 MPa is shown in Figure 22. The estimated uncertainty of the correlation is 3 % for the liquid viscosity over the range 303 K to 453 K at pressures to 100 MPa.…”

Section: N-octadecanementioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary models for viscosity, thermal conductivity, and surface tension of pure fluid constituents of selected diesel surrogate fuels

Huber¹

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We describe preliminary models for the viscosity, thermal conductivity, and surface tension for pure fluids that are constituents of four surrogate fuels for ultralow-sulfur diesel fuels developed under the auspices of the Coordinating Research Council (CRC). These fluids do not presently have published reference fluid quality models in the open literature, so we provide here preliminary models based on available data as an interim measure to allow calculations of these properties for both the pure fluids and the four surrogate mixtures. Comparisons with selected experimental pure-fluid data are given, and text files compatible with the NIST REFPROP computer program are included as supplementary material. We also present tabulations of the viscosity, thermal conductivity, and surface tension along the bubble point for four surrogate fuels.

show abstract

“…This is due to the pressure effect on viscosity and the temperature effect on viscosity and surface tension. Increasing both pressure and temperature relaxes the contact angle and increases surface wetting [21]. Based on this it can be hypothesised that the surface wetting will be more pronounced when injecting at top-dead-centre (TDC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative analysis of nozzle surface bound fuel for diesel injectors

Turner

Sykes

Sercey

et al. 2017

Proceedings ILASS–Europe 2017. 28th Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a fuel injector at the end of the injection, the needle descent and the rapid pressure drop in the nozzle leads to discharge of large, slow-moving liquid structures. This unwanted discharge is often referred as fuel 'dribble' and results in near-nozzle surface wetting, creating fuel-rich regions that are believed to contribute to unburnt hydrocarbon emissions. Subsequent fluid overspill occurs during the pressure drop in the expansion stroke when residual fluid inside the nozzle is displaced by the expansion of trapped gases as the pressure through the orifices is equalised, leading to further surface wetting. There have been several recent advancements in the characterisation of these near nozzle fluid processes, yet there is a lack of quantitative data relating the operating conditions and hardware parameters to the quantity of overspill and surface-bound fuel. In this study, methods for quantifying nozzle tip wetting after the end of injection were developed, to gain a better understanding of the underlying processes and to study the influence of engine operating conditions. A high-speed camera with a longdistance microscope was used to visualise fluid behaviour at the microscopic scale during, and after, the end of injection. In order to measure the nozzle tip temperature, a production injector was used which was instrumented with a type K thermocouple near one of the orifices. Image post-processing techniques were developed to track both the initial fuel coverage area on the nozzle surface, as well as the temporal evolution and spreading rate of surface-bound fluid. The conclusion presents an analysis of the area of fuel coverage and the rate of spreading and how these depend on injection pressure, in-cylinder pressure and in-cylinder temperature. It was observed that for this VCO injector, the rate of spreading correlates with the initial area of fuel coverage measured after the end of injection, suggesting that the main mechanism for nozzle wetting is through the impingement of dribble onto the nozzle. However, occasional observations of the expansion of orifice-trapped gas were made that lead to a significant increase in nozzle wetting. KeywordsDiesel; end of injection; dribble; surface wetting; image processing Introduction Increasingly strict emissions standards place considerable pressure on the automotive industry to increase the efficiency of, and reduce the emissions of the engine. This is primarily done by optimising the fuel-air mixing processes that occur inside the combustion chamber. Since the fuel air mixing is affected by the fuel injection equipment (FIE), much of the research efforts have been in improving the injector design and spray characteristics. This has resulted in the numbers of holes in the injector tip increasing with subsequent designs, as well as increases in the operating pressure, with typical systems operating with common rail pressures of over 200 MPa. These increasingly harsh conditions are believed to accelerate the formation and growth of deposits in and arou...

show abstract

The Viscosity and Density of n-Dodecane and n-Octadecane at Pressures up to 200�MPa and Temperatures up to 473 K

Cited by 198 publications

References 24 publications

New Experimental Data and Reference Models for the Viscosity and Density of Squalane

New Experimental Data and Reference Models for the Viscosity and Density of Squalane

Preliminary models for viscosity, thermal conductivity, and surface tension of pure fluid constituents of selected diesel surrogate fuels

A quantitative analysis of nozzle surface bound fuel for diesel injectors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About