The virulence spectrum of the wheat leaf rust population analyzed in the Czech Republic from 2002 to 2011

Hanzalová, A.; Bartoš, Pavel

doi:10.17221/40/2014-cjgpb

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These genes have been highly effective in many regions of the world, but now virulence to genes Lr9, Lr19, and Lr24 has been shown in Russia [17][18][19][20]. Pathotypes virulent to Lr9 have been found in the United States [21], Canada [22], Mexico [23], the Czech Republic [24], and in Egypt [25]. Pathotypes virulent to Lr19 have been found in Mexico [26], India [27], the Czech Republic [24], and in Egypt [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pathotypes virulent to Lr9 have been found in the United States [21], Canada [22], Mexico [23], the Czech Republic [24], and in Egypt [25]. Pathotypes virulent to Lr19 have been found in Mexico [26], India [27], the Czech Republic [24], and in Egypt [25]. Virulence for Lr24 has occurred in the United States, Argentina, Brazil [21], South Africa [21,28] and other southern Africa countries [29], in south Australia [30], and in Canada [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective Resistance to Four Fungal Foliar Diseases in Samples of Wild Triticum L. Species from the VIR (N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) Collection: View from Vavilov’s Concepts of Plant Immunity

Тырышкин

Lysenko

Kolesova

2022

Plants

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To identify new sources of effective resistance to four foliar diseases of wheat, 173 accessions of four wheat species, Triticum boeoticum, T. urartu, T. araraticum, and T. dicoccoides, from the VIR collection were tested at the juvenile and adult growth stages for resistance to leaf rust (Pt = Puccinia triticina), powdery mildew (Bgt = Blumeria graminis tritici), Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB), and dark-brown leaf spot blotch (HLB = Helminthospjrium leaf blotch). The accessions included new additions to the collection, some old samples that had never been tested before, as well as earlier tested samples noted for high levels of juvenile resistance to some fungal diseases. Natural populations of Puccinia triticina and Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, mixture of Parastagonospora nodorum and Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates were used to inoculate and to evaluate resistance to Pt, Bgt, SNB, and HLB, respectively. Two samples of T. boeoticum, three of T. urartu, and one of T. araraticum were resistant to leaf rust at both tested stages. Further tests (phytopathological and molecular analyses) excluded Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr41, or Lr47 as single genes controlling resistance; hence, these accessions likely carry new effective leaf rust resistance genes. High level of Bgt resistance was identified in three entries of T. boeoticum, one of T. araraticum, and eleven of T. dicoccoides. All tested accessions were susceptible to HLB and SNB at both tested stages. Accessions identified as resistant are valuable plant material for introgressive hybridization in bread and durum wheat breeding. The results are discussed in the context of N.I. Vavilov’s concept of crop origin and diversity, and the laws of plant natural immunity to infectious diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Resistance to Four Fungal Foliar Diseases in Samples of Wild Triticum L. Species from the VIR (N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) Collection: View from Vavilov’s Concepts of Plant Immunity

Тырышкин

Lysenko

Kolesova

2022

Plants

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Pathotypes of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and resistance of registered cultivars in the Czech Republic in 2012-2015

Hanzalová¹,

Bartoš²,

Sumíková³

2017

CZECH J GENET PLANT

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Hanzalová A., Bartoš P., Sumíková T. (2017) In 2012-2015 the virulence of the wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) population was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr10, Lr11, Lr13, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust were obtained from different parts of the Czech Republic. A total of 163 wheat leaf rust isolates were analysed. No virulence for the resistance gene Lr9 was found. Virulence for Lr19 was found only in one isolate in 2015. A lower frequency of virulence to Lr24, Lr2a, 2b, 2c and Lr28 was also observed. The presence of Lr10, Lr24, Lr26, Lr28 and Lr37 in registered cultivars was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) molecular markers.Keywords: leaf rust pathotypes; Lr genes; resistance; wheat cultivarsThe main objective of virulence surveys in the wheat leaf rust population is to present data useful for resistance breeding. In former Czechoslovakia physiologic races (pathotypes) of Puccinia triticina Eriks. on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) had been studied in virulence surveys since the sixties of the last century. Results of the race surveys till 2011 were summarized in two papers (Hanzalová & Bartoš 2014a, b). The present contribution contains results of virulence surveys carried out in 2012-2015 and data on leaf rust resistance genes of recently registered winter wheat cultivars.Collections of wheat leaf rust on leaves were obtained from different cultivars from the variety trials located across the country and organized by the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture. Rust was inoculated on the susceptible cultivar Michigan Amber. When flecks appeared on inoculated leaves, a leaf segment with one developing uredinium of each rust sample was transferred to Petri dish with water and kept in the greenhouse until urediospores developed. Single pustule isolates were increased on cv. Michigan Amber for tests on differentials. Inoculation of seedlings was carried out by rubbing the leaves of seedlings with fingers moistened in a water suspension of urediospores. Inoculated plants were kept in the greenhouse closed glass cylinders to provide high air humidity for 24 h. Infection types were evaluated according to Stakman et al. (1962) 10-14 days after inoculation when plants were kept in a greenhouse at 18-22°C. Avirulence was characterized by infection types 0; 1 and 2, virulence by infection types 2-3 and 3. Frequency of virulence to the resistance genes was expressed in percentages. Thatcher near isogenic lines (NILs) with single Lr genes approved as leaf rust differentials by participants in the international COST 817 Action (Mesterházy et al. 2000) and in addition NIL Lr10 and Lr13 were used in the tests.In the molecular analysis DNA for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays was extracted from the second wheat leaves by a commercial kit (Qiagen,

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Genetic Control of Effective Seedling Leaf Rust Resistance in Aegilops biuncialis Vis. Accessions from the VIR Collection

Kolesova,

Tyryshkin

2024

Plants

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Leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss., Pt) is a severe foliar disease of cultivated wheat worldwide. Severe development of the disease results in significant losses in seed yield and quality. Growing immune varieties is the most rational method for Pt control in terms of effectiveness and ecological safety. However, the gene pool of cultivated wheat is very narrow for seedling Pt effective resistance genes, which hampers breeding for this trait. One of the well-known methods to broaden genetic diversity for resistance is the introgression of highly effective genes from wild relatives into the genomes of cultivated wheat. The Aegilops L. species have been proven to be perfectly suited for this purpose. No gene for Pt resistance has been transferred to wheat from Aegilops biuncialis Vis. (Lorent’s goatgrass) up to now. Previously, we selected eight accessions of the species from the VIR (N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) genebank that showed a perfect level of resistance to leaf rust. In this research, we studied the genetic control of resistance using hybridological, phytopathological, and molecular analyses. According to the F1–F3 hybrid evaluation results, each accession possesses one dominant gene for Pt resistance, and genes in different accessions are allelic or very tightly linked. Phytopathological test clone analysis showed that this gene is not identical to Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr39, and Lr47, which are effective against Pt populations in some areas of Russia. This conclusion was partially supported by the results of the identification of DNA markers specific to these genes in bread wheat. Thus, we identified one dominant gene (temporarily symbolized as LrBi1) for effective seedling Pt resistance; it is recommended for introgression to cultivated wheat via interspecific hybridization.

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The virulence spectrum of the wheat leaf rust population analyzed in the Czech Republic from 2002 to 2011

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Effective Resistance to Four Fungal Foliar Diseases in Samples of Wild Triticum L. Species from the VIR (N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) Collection: View from Vavilov’s Concepts of Plant Immunity

Effective Resistance to Four Fungal Foliar Diseases in Samples of Wild Triticum L. Species from the VIR (N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) Collection: View from Vavilov’s Concepts of Plant Immunity

Pathotypes of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and resistance of registered cultivars in the Czech Republic in 2012-2015

Genetic Control of Effective Seedling Leaf Rust Resistance in Aegilops biuncialis Vis. Accessions from the VIR Collection

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