The Virtual Reality Scenario Method: Moving from Imagination to Immersion in Criminal Decision-making Research

Gelder, Jean‐Louis van; Vries, Reinout E. de; Demetriou, Andrew M.; Sintemaartensdijk, Iris van; Donker, Tara

doi:10.1177/0022427818819696

Cited by 51 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Our findings confirm that participants felt strong levels of both presence and involvement in the virtual environment. This mirrors findings in which individuals exposed to a 'bar-fight' in virtual reality reported higher feelings of presence and emotional responses (intention to aggress) than those reading a narrative of the same scene [75]. Both presence and emotion are important ingredients to forming an episodic memory [76]; the key variable of interest in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Law and (rec)order: Updating memory for criminal events with body-worn cameras

2020

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Body-worn video is increasingly relied upon in the criminal justice system, however it is unclear how viewing chest-mounted video may affect a police officer’s statement about an event. In the present study, we asked whether reviewing footage from an experienced event could shape an individual’s statement, and if so, whether reporting before reviewing may preserve an officer’s original experience. Student participants (n = 97) were equipped with chest-mounted cameras as they viewed a simulated theft in virtual reality. One week later, half of the participants recalled the event in an initial statement while the other half did not. Participants then viewed either their body-worn video or a control video. Finally, participants provided their statement (no initial statement condition) or were given the opportunity to amend their original account (initial statement condition). Results revealed that viewing body-worn video enhanced the completeness and accuracy of individuals’ free recall statements. However, whilst reviewing footage enabled individuals to exclude errors they had written in their initial statements, they also excluded true details that were uncorroborated by the camera footage (i.e., details which individuals experienced, but that their camera did not record). Such camera conformity is discussed in light of the debate on when an officer should access their body-worn video during an investigation and the influence of post-event information on memory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Law and (rec)order: Updating memory for criminal events with body-worn cameras

2020

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“…Rather than asking students to imagine themselves in a specific situation, VR perceptually immerses them in an experience, consequently triggering their imagination [37]. This study confirmed these findings with students acknowledging the iVR storytelling experience elicited their imaginations in believing they were inside a womb.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Nursing & Midwifery students’ experience of immersive virtual reality storytelling: an evaluative study

et al. 2020

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Background: Immersive Virtual Reality (iVR) storytelling is a concept that merges groundbreaking virtual reality technology with the traditional art of storytelling. Virtual reality storytelling offers a rare opportunity to present abstract experiences that challenge boundaries, heighten emotions, and convey previously intangible concepts. Scientific research into immersive virtual reality storytelling is still in its infancy, particularly regarding the field of education in Nursing and Midwifery. Therefore, this study set out to investigate the subjective experience of using an immersive virtual reality storytelling experience as an active pedagogy. Methods: This was an evaluative study incorporating a multimodal approach encompassing a cross-sectional survey and observational study conducted in a large University in Ireland, offering major undergraduate and graduate degree programmes in the fields of Nursing and Midwifery. Students were invited to view the innovative virtual reality storytelling experience "Wonderful You" (BHD Immersive) that tells the story of the first 9 months of a baby's life inside the woman's womb. On completion, students were asked to complete an anonymous survey about their experience. Observational studies were also carried out, examining the student's engagement and interaction with the iVR experience. A combination of statistical and thematic qualitative analysis was employed to interpret the respective summative rating scale and open-ended response questions in the evaluation survey. Data captured from the observations were grouped into categories and analysed capturing key themes. Results: A response rate of 71.2% (n = 94) identified iVR storytelling as a memorable learning experience that triggered students' engagement and motivation to learn. IVR storytelling enabled students to visualise and better understand abstract concepts. Qualitative analysis of narrative responses revealed the positive evaluations of the iVR storytelling experience. Observational studies further revealed students were highly engaged and interacted positively with the iVR storytelling experience. Conclusions: The full potential of this new medium of iVR storytelling has yet to be seen. However, this study provides an encouraging insight into the positive attributes of iVR storytelling that engages students and creates authentic active learning experiences.

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“…Moving forward, the use of virtual reality may be a strong alternative to written scenarios. Rather than asking participants to imagine themselves in a specific situation, virtual reality immerses them in it (van Gelder, de Vries, Demetriou, van Sintemaartensdijk, & Donker, ). Indeed, van Gelder and various coauthors (van Gelder et al., ; van Gelder et al., ) have demonstrated that “experiencing a scenario in virtual reality can trigger stronger feelings of presence in the situation compared to its written equivalent, and also elicit more intense emotional experiences, resulting in a better approximation of real‐world decision‐making” (, p. 469).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather than asking participants to imagine themselves in a specific situation, virtual reality immerses them in it (van Gelder, de Vries, Demetriou, van Sintemaartensdijk, & Donker, ). Indeed, van Gelder and various coauthors (van Gelder et al., ; van Gelder et al., ) have demonstrated that “experiencing a scenario in virtual reality can trigger stronger feelings of presence in the situation compared to its written equivalent, and also elicit more intense emotional experiences, resulting in a better approximation of real‐world decision‐making” (, p. 469). Furthermore, researchers could use more sophisticated techniques to capture the experience of emotions that are not sensitive to perceptual biases (e.g., heart rate monitors; Armstrong & Boutwell, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fight or flight: Integral emotions and violent intentions

Barnum¹,

Solomon

2019

Criminology

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The effect of proximate emotions on risk perceptions is of central importance to criminal decision‐making theory, but has been understudied. We investigate the role of two integral (situational specific) emotional responses, anger and fear, in a decision‐making context regarding the choice to commit assault. We draw on dual‐process models of information processing and appraisal theory to propose a theoretical model in which integral emotions influence decisions and behavior. Using data from an experiment embedded in a survey to a nationwide sample of adults (N = 804), we test the interrelated roles of anger, fear, and traditional rational choice considerations on the intention to commit assault. We find a strong direct association between emotions and intentions to commit assault. Additionally, anger and fear moderate the effect of cognitive deliberations on behavioral intentions and provide a lens through which to evaluate a criminogenic opportunity.

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The Virtual Reality Scenario Method: Moving from Imagination to Immersion in Criminal Decision-making Research

Cited by 51 publications

References 52 publications

Law and (rec)order: Updating memory for criminal events with body-worn cameras

Law and (rec)order: Updating memory for criminal events with body-worn cameras

Nursing & Midwifery students’ experience of immersive virtual reality storytelling: an evaluative study

Fight or flight: Integral emotions and violent intentions

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