The viral capsid as novel nanomaterials for drug delivery

Aljabali, Alaa A. A.; Hassan, Sk. Sarif; Pabari, Ritesh M.; Shahcheraghi, Seyed Hossein; Mishra, Vijay; Charbe, Nitin; Chellappan, Dinesh Kumar; Dureja, Harish; Gupta, Gaurav; Almutary, Abdulmajeed G; Alnuqaydan, Abdullah M; Verma, Suresh K.; Panda, Pritam Kumar; Mishra, Yogendra Kumar; Serrano‐Aroca, Ángel; Dua, Kamal; Uversky, Vladimir N.; Redwan, Elrashdy M.; Bahar, Bojlul; Bhatia, Amit; Negi, Poonam; Goyal, Rohit; McCarron, Paul A.; Bakshi, Hamid A.; Tambuwala, Murtaza M.

doi:10.2144/fsoa-2021-0031

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…Viral particles have a different structure than organisms, and lack a metabolism [94], whereas living beings can rely on homeostatic mechanisms to face changes in external factors such as pH changes and oxidative stress [95,96]. Temperate viruses, furthermore, are induced and enter the lytic cycle as a reaction to some DNA-damaging stresses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the anaerobic digestion metagenome under environmental stresses stimulating prophage induction

et al. 2022

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Background The viral community has the potential to influence the structure of the microbiome and thus the yield of the anaerobic digestion process. However, the virome composition in anaerobic digestion is still under-investigated. A viral induction experiment was conducted on separate batches undergoing a series of DNA-damaging stresses, in order to coerce temperate viruses to enter the lytic cycle. Results The sequencing of the metagenome revealed a viral community almost entirely composed of tailed bacteriophages of the order Caudovirales. Following a binning procedure 1,092 viral and 120 prokaryotic genomes were reconstructed, 64 of which included an integrated prophage in their sequence. Clustering of coverage profiles revealed the presence of species, both viral and microbial, sharing similar reactions to shocks. A group of viral genomes, which increase under organic overload and decrease under basic pH, uniquely encode the yopX gene, which is involved in the induction of temperate prophages. Moreover, the in-silico functional analysis revealed an enrichment of sialidases in viral genomes. These genes are associated with tail proteins and, as such, are hypothesised to be involved in the interaction with the host. Archaea registered the most pronounced changes in relation to shocks and featured behaviours not shared with other species. Subsequently, data from 123 different samples of the global anaerobic digestion database was used to determine coverage profiles of host and viral genomes on a broader scale. Conclusions Viruses are key components in anaerobic digestion environments, shaping the microbial guilds which drive the methanogenesis process. In turn, environmental conditions are pivotal in shaping the viral community and the rate of induction of temperate viruses. This study provides an initial insight into the complexity of the anaerobic digestion virome and its relation with the microbial community and the diverse environmental parameters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the anaerobic digestion metagenome under environmental stresses stimulating prophage induction

et al. 2022

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“…Depending on the morphology of the viral capsid, eVLPs are classified as isometric or helical structures ( Aljabali et al, 2021 ). Non-eVLPs can be divided into isometric and rod-shaped filamentous structures ( Parvez, 2020 ).…”

Section: Virus-like Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-like nanoparticles as a theranostic platform for cancer

Kim

Lee

Kim

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Virus-like nanoparticles (VLPs) are natural polymer-based nanomaterials that mimic viral structures through the hierarchical assembly of viral coat proteins, while lacking viral genomes. VLPs have received enormous attention in a wide range of nanotechnology-based medical diagnostics and therapies, including cancer therapy, imaging, and theranostics. VLPs are biocompatible and biodegradable and have a uniform structure and controllable assembly. They can encapsulate a wide range of therapeutic and diagnostic agents, and can be genetically or chemically modified. These properties have led to sophisticated multifunctional theranostic platforms. This article reviews the current progress in developing and applying engineered VLPs for molecular imaging, drug delivery, and multifunctional theranostics in cancer research.

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“…Considering physicochemical properties, these NPs from cuttlefish ink, featured with high dispersion and good biocompatibility, displayed a spherical morphology and a mean size of about 167 nm, which enabled safe and effective antitumor immunotherapy. Besides, Aljabali et al have reviewed that through surface engineering of their capsids, virus-derived nanomaterials facilitate various potential applications for selective drug delivery in multiple therapies such as vaccine production and immunotherapy 128 .…”

Section: Rational Design Of Tams-focused Functional Nanomedicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of functional nanomedicines for tumor associated macrophages-focused cancer immunotherapy

Xiao¹,

Wang

Liang³

et al. 2022

Theranostics

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Clinical cancer immunotherapies are usually impeded by tumor immunosuppression driven by tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). Thus, TAMs can be considered as a promising therapeutic target for improved immunotherapy, and TAMs-focused molecular targeting agents have made ideal progress in clinical practice. Even so, most TAMs-targeting agents still cannot cover up their own shortcomings as free drugs. The emergence of multifunctional nanomaterials can expectedly endow these therapeutic cargoes with high solubility, favorable pharmacokinetic distribution, cell-specific delivery, and controlled release. Here, the underlying mechanisms of tumor immunosuppression caused by TAMs are first emphatically elucidated, and then the basic design of TAMs-focused immune-nanomedicines are discussed, mainly including diverse categories of nanomaterials, targeted and stimulus-responsive modifications, and TAM imaging in nanomedicines. A summary of current TAMs-targeting immunotherapeutic mechanisms based on functional nanomedicines for TAMs elimination and/or repolarization is further presented. Lastly, some severe challenges related to functional nanomedicines for TAMs-focused cancer immunotherapy are proposed, and some feasible perspectives on clinical translation of TAMs-associated anticancer immunonanomedicines are provided. It is hoped that, with rapid development of nanomedicine in cancer immunotherapy, TAMs-focused therapeutic strategies may be anticipated to become an emerging immunotherapeutic modality for future clinical cancer treatment.

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The viral capsid as novel nanomaterials for drug delivery

Cited by 15 publications

References 145 publications

Analysis of the anaerobic digestion metagenome under environmental stresses stimulating prophage induction

Analysis of the anaerobic digestion metagenome under environmental stresses stimulating prophage induction

Virus-like nanoparticles as a theranostic platform for cancer

Development of functional nanomedicines for tumor associated macrophages-focused cancer immunotherapy

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