The Vienna Implantable Centrifugal Blood Pump

Schima, Heinrich; Trubel, W.; Wieselthalerxy, G.; Schmidt, Christian; Müller, Michael; Siegl, H.; Losert, Udo; Wolner, Ernst

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1594.1994.tb03367.x

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…While the earliest centrifugal pumps used mechanical contact bearings (for example Vienna Pump 34, Nikkiso HPM-15 70), recently magnetic levitation technology has been used in some centrifugal VADs to suspend and drive the impeller 14. The Terumo DuraHeart ™ 71 and the Levitronix ® CentriMag ® 72, 73 are now in clinical use.…”

Section: Preprocessing For Cfd Analysis Of Ventricular Assist Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the devices involve fluid flow, and some of the problems are flow related, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) forms a large part of this numerical modelling and, as in many fields of engineering 23, has become widespread in biomedical engineering in general (see, as examples 24, 25, 26) and in particular has many uses in studying the cardiovascular system 27, 28, 29, 30. CFD has been used in the analysis and design of blood pumps since the early 1990s 31, 32, 33, 34, 35. Calculations are performed for new pump designs to determine pressure-flow relationships and efficiencies before constructing prototypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of computational fluid dynamics in the development of ventricular assist devices

Fraser

Taşkın

Griffith

et al. 2011

Medical Engineering & Physics

227

236

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Progress in the field of prosthetic cardiovascular devices has significantly contributed to the rapid advancements in cardiac therapy during the last four decades. The concept of mechanical circulatory assistance was established with the first successful clinical use of heart-lung machines for cardiopulmonary bypass. Since then a variety of devices have been developed to replace or assist diseased components of the cardiovascular system. Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are basically mechanical pumps designed to augment or replace the function of one or more chambers of the failing heart.Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is an attractive tool in the development process of VADs, allowing numerous different designs to be characterized for their functional performance virtually, for a wide range of operating conditions, without the physical device being fabricated. However, VADs operate in a flow regime which is traditionally difficult to simulate; the transitional region at the boundary of laminar and turbulent flow. Hence different methods have been used and the best approach is debatable. In addition to these fundamental fluid dynamic issues, blood consists of biological cells. Device-induced biological complications are a serious consequence of VAD use. The complications include blood damage (haemolysis, blood cell activation), thrombosis and emboli. Patients are required to take anticoagulation medication constantly which may cause bleeding. Despite many efforts blood damage models have still not been implemented satisfactorily into numerical analysis of VADs, which severely undermines the full potential of CFD. This paper reviews the current state of the art CFD for analysis of blood pumps, including a practical critical review of the studies to date, which should help device designers choose the most appropriate methods; a summary of blood damage models and the difficulties in implementing them into CFD; and current gaps in knowledge and areas for future work.

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Section: Preprocessing For Cfd Analysis Of Ventricular Assist Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of computational fluid dynamics in the development of ventricular assist devices

Fraser

Taşkın

Griffith

et al. 2011

Medical Engineering & Physics

227

236

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, this concept was applied to our device, the Vienna implantable centrifugal pump (10). The aims of the study presented here were first to evaluate the concept of distance bolts at the rotor backplane and second to develop a miniaturized driving unit applicable for both driving and rotor stabilization for complete implantation.…”

Section: Double Disk Rotormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pump head has been derived from a previous design using a rotor with the axle and conventional seal described previously (10). The housing had an outer diameter of 65 mm with a rotor diameter of 46 mm.…”

Section: Pump Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Implantable Seal‐less Centrifugal Pump with Integrated Double‐Disk Motor

et al. 1995

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Thrombus formation and sealing problems at the shaft as well as the compact and efficient design of the driving unit have been major difficulties in the construction of a long-term implantable centrifugal pump. To eliminate the problems of the seal, motor size, and efficiency, two major steps were taken by modifying the Vienna implantable centrifugal pump. First, a special driving unit was developed, in which the permanent magnets of the motor themselves are used for coupling the force into the rotor. Second, the rotor shaft in the pumping chamber was eliminated by adopting a concept recently presented by Ohara. The rotor is supported by 3 pins, which run on a carbon disk, whose concave shape leads to stabilization. The device has the following specifications: size: 65 mm (diameter) by 35 mm (height), 101 cm3; priming volume 30 cm3, 240 g; and a 6-pole brushless double disk DC motor. The required input power of the described prototype is 15 W at 150 mm Hg, 5 L/min (overall eta = 11%), and has an in vitro index of hemolysis (IH) of 0.0046 g/100 L. The test for in vitro thrombus growth exhibited far less thrombus formation in the new design than in designs with axles. In conclusion, the design of a special driving unit and the elimination of the axle led to the construction of a small pump with very low blood traumatization.

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“…This research was awarded amongst other awards with the Austrian State Award for Alternatives of Experimental Animal Research and transferred to international laboratories and guidelines. Within these efforts, pump designs for minimal blood trauma were developed, supported theoretically by worldwide first [17]. In December 1988, the Vienna group organized an "International Workshop on Rotary Blood Pumps", in which researchers from Austria, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands and the USA discussed this newly emerging technology, with pioneering contributions on blood trauma, seals and bearings, animal experiments and very preliminary clinical experience [18].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%