The Vienna Circle and Logical Empiricism in the First Republic

Stadler, Friedrich

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16561-5_2

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…[34][35][36][37] Historically dated but still influential, analytical philosophy of science characterized science by empiricism and logical inference. 38,39 Later, Karl…”

Section: Philosophy Of Medicine: New Perspectives Of Knowledge Integr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically dated but still influential, analytical philosophy of science characterized science by empiricism and logical inference 38,39 . Later, Karl Popper underscored the need to falsify bold conjectures to obtain sound knowledge and also highlighted that any strongly confirmed proposition can be falsified 40,41 .…”

Section: Philosophy Of Medicine: New Perspectives Of Knowledge Integr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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‘Medical Corona Science’: Philosophical and systemic issues: Re‐thinking medicine? On the epistemology of Corona medicine

Tretter

Marcum

2022

Evaluation Clinical Practice

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Rationale, Aims, and Objectives The disciplinary profile and the quality of production of knowledge on Corona pandemic is studied. This scientific field is called ‘Medical Corona Science’. Methods Criteria of analytical philosophy of science and science studies are systematically applied. Results It is shown that mainly auxiliary medical disciplines such as virology and epidemiology but not clinical disciplines provide Corona knowledge. We see a laboratory‐centered, technology‐ and data‐driven science, largely ignoring clinical issues. Therefore we call these approaches “Medical Corona Science” (MCS). We see the need to adapt to features of a ‘post‐normal science’, a ‘mode 2 science’ and of ‘Integration and Implementation Science’, especially as clinical knowledge must be integrated. There is also a severe lack of theoretical considerations that could help to frame the pandemic as a complex dynamic system. Conclusions We suggest a deeper meta‐scientific discussion of the epistemic value of MCS and propose the application of tools from systems science.

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“…[34][35][36][37] Historically dated but still influential, analytical philosophy of science characterized science by empiricism and logical inference. 38,39 Later, Karl…”

Section: Philosophy Of Medicine: New Perspectives Of Knowledge Integr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Philosophy Of Medicine: New Perspectives Of Knowledge Integr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Medical Corona Science’: Philosophical and systemic issues: Re‐thinking medicine? On the epistemology of Corona medicine

Tretter

Marcum

2022

Evaluation Clinical Practice

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“…12 Langer stayed in Vienna in the 1921-22 academic year, just before Schlick assumed the chair of 'Naturphilosophie'. She used her year in Vienna to attend lectures of, among others, Karl Bühler (Dengerink Chaplin 2020, 14), who would later come to be a regular attendant of meetings of the Wiener Kreis (Stadler 2015). 13 See also McDaniel (2017, fn.…”

Section: The Practice Of Philosophymentioning

confidence: 99%

Susanne Langer and the American Development of Analytic Philosophy

Verhaegh

2022

Women in the History of Philosophy and Sciences

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is best known as a philosopher of culture and student of Ernst Cassirer. In this paper, however, I argue that this standard picture ignores her contributions to the development of analytic philosophy in the 1920s and 1930s. I reconstruct the reception of Langer's first book The Practice of Philosophy¾arguably the first sustained defense of analytic philosophy by an American philosopher¾and describe how prominent European philosophers of science such as Moritz Schlick, Rudolf Carnap, and Herbert Feigl viewed her as one of the most important allies in the United States. In the second half of this paper, I turn to Langer's best-selling Philosophy in a New Key (1942) and reconstruct her attempts to broaden the scope of the, by then, rapidly growing U.S. analytic movement. I argue that her book anticipated various developments in analytic philosophy but was largely ignored by her former colleagues. I end the chapter by offering some clues as to why New Key did not incite the same laudatory responses from analytic philosophers as her earlier work.

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“…Although Feitelberg was recognized as a pioneer in the use or radioisotopes in clinical medicine, RvM and Geiringer vividly recall what they view as Bernfeld and Feitelberg's incompetent use, around 1930, of physical and mathematical arguments to justify psychoanalysis: their acceptance of Freudian theory ended exactly at the point where their own expertise as scientists was at stake. Indirectly, the fact that RvM sided with the Berlin faculty in the decision against Bernfeld seems to confirm a certain outsider position in the Vienna Circle (Stadler 2015), in whose famous Manifesto of 1929 he is not even mentioned among scholars "close to the Circle" (Verein Ernst Mach 1929). RvM's notion of "unified science" differed considerably from the one promoted in the Circle; RvM's insistence on "connectibility" in his own epistemological work (Mises 1951) went in a rather different, specific direction which still awaits detailed analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

A married couple of mathematicians from Vienna remembers Sigmund Freud (1953)

Siegmund-Schultze

2022

Sci Context

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Argument The paper is based on a hitherto unexplored document (audiotape of an interview accompanied by a German transcript) from 1953, located in the Freud Papers at the Library of Congress. It contributes to a better understanding of the impact of Freud and of Psychoanalysis on personalities from the exact sciences, here represented by the noted applied mathematicians Richard von Mises and Hilda Geiringer from Vienna. The detailed discussion of the interview sheds some new light on the different roles of Kraus and Freud in the Vienna culture, on the Vienna Jugendkulturbewegung (youth culture movement) during WWI in which Geiringer was involved, on Freud’s and Siegfried Bernfeld’s standing around 1930 among German philosophers and psychologists, and on Wilhelm Fließ’ theory of periodicity, which von Mises—based on his attitude as an applied mathematician—defended against superficial accusations. Finally, new biographical material is provided for von Mises and the remotely related Freud family, and for Geiringer’s and von Mises’ early lives. The interview, which was taken during the Cold War, also allows conclusions as to how politics influenced the memories and views of the participants. Part of the aim of the paper is historical documentation of unknown material (letters by Karl Kraus and Wolfgang Köhler, one book review by Wilhelm Ostwald, a file on R. Pfennig), including some correction of erroneous information in the literature.

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The Vienna Circle and Logical Empiricism in the First Republic

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

‘Medical Corona Science’: Philosophical and systemic issues: Re‐thinking medicine? On the epistemology of Corona medicine

‘Medical Corona Science’: Philosophical and systemic issues: Re‐thinking medicine? On the epistemology of Corona medicine

Susanne Langer and the American Development of Analytic Philosophy

A married couple of mathematicians from Vienna remembers Sigmund Freud (1953)

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