The vibration behaviour of hedgerow olive trees in response to mechanical harvesting with straddle harvester

Sola-Guirado, Rafael R.; Aragon-Rodriguez, Fernando; García, Sergio Castro; Gil-Ribes, Jesús A.

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2019.06.009

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…The detachment of the fruits can be attributed to the increase in the forces acting to detach the fruit as the frequency and the stroke increases the 10 Hz frequency with 160 mm stroke gave the highest fruit removal percentage for all olive varieties while, the 3.3 Hz frequency with 40 mm stroke was the smallest treatment for fruit removal percentage for olive varieties. These results are similar to those found by Sola- Guirado et al (2019), who reported that the optimum frequency to operate the vibrator at 7.8 Hz. Ghonimy et al (2021) found that the highest values of fruit removal, 81%, was performed at 27 Hz frequency and 60 mm or 70 mm stroke.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Development of Olive Harvesting Machine by Shaking

GHONİMY

Younis

GHONİEM³

2022

Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research

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Olive harvesting machine by shaking was developed and fabricated using local materials with required specifications. The developed elements were frame and hitch, gear assembly, input and transmission shafts, vibrating unit, connecting rod, limb clamp, and transmission system. This research work aimed to evaluate the developed olive harvester capable to perform harvesting operation in the proper time using the tractor as the available economic source of power. Measurements covered the properties of olive fruit, stem, and limb for five olive varieties: Agizi, Manzanillo, Picholine, Kalamata and Arbiquen. The developed harvester was tested at three levels of frequency; 3.3, 6.7, and 10 Hz, four levels of stroke; 40, 80, 120, and 160 mm, and three levels of shaking time 60, 120 and 180 s. Results indicated that the effective range to attach the clamp on the olive limb were 30 to 40% of limb length. The average value of the maximum bending stress affecting the limb and limb deflection were 16.5 MPa and 196.6 mm respectively. In addition, results have provided the suitability of the developed shaker to harvest olive fruit. The suitability of the developed machine was judged through the fruit removal percentage. The values of performance parameters of olive harvester were 10 Hz optimum shaking frequency, 120 mm of stroke, and 120 s of shaking time.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Development of Olive Harvesting Machine by Shaking

GHONİMY

Younis

GHONİEM³

2022

Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research

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“…A recent report determined the effect of canopy shaker vibration on hedgerow olive trees harvested with a "straddle harvester" [19]. Tri-axial accelerometers were suspended in the trees to determine the correlation between vibration time and acceleration range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvest of Southern Highbush Blueberry with a Modified, Over-The-Row Mechanical Harvester: Use of Handheld Shakers and Soft Catch Surfaces

et al. 2019

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Fresh market southern highbush blueberries are typically hand-harvested which requires an extensive labor force over a relative short period of time. With rising production costs and labor availability issues, interest in mechanical harvesting options is increasing. In 2017, an over-the-row (OTR) harvester was modified to reduce purchase cost while making hand labor more efficient. The picking heads were removed and dual worker stations were added on each side of the unit. Handheld olive shakers were suspended at each station. Experimental catch plates were installed on one side of the OTR harvester and soft, inclined surfaces over the rigid conveyors on both sides. 'Meadowlark' and 'Farthing' blueberries were harvested with this system and compared to those manually harvested by a commercial harvest crew. Samples from each harvest method were then commercially cooled and mechanically harvested fruit were commercially packed to determine packout data. Fruit firmness, bruise severity and composition were determined after one day at room temperature (22 • C) and after seven and fourteen days of storage at 1 • C. Average packout was very high for mechanically harvested fruit, 87% for 'Meadowlark' and 91% for 'Farthing'. Initial firmness of both cultivars was lower for mechanically harvested fruit (208 g/mm) than hand-harvested fruit (243 g/mm). Fruit from the three treatments softened during storage, and although 'Meadowlark' remained firmer than 'Farthing' during storage, there were no differences due to catch surfaces. Hand-harvested fruit had no severe bruising (>20% of cut surface area) at harvest, increasing to 2% after seven days, while mechanically harvested fruit from both fruit collection surfaces had 3% initial severe bruising that increased to 22% during storage. 'Farthing' had slightly higher soluble solids content and significantly higher total titratable acidity compared to 'Meadowlark'. Additional modifications must be made to the next-generation OTR harvester to further reduce blueberry harvest and handling impacts.Agriculture 2020, 10, 4 2 of 15 shipments of blueberries from Mexico into the United States during this early season is reducing wholesale prices received by Florida blueberry growers. From 2009 to 2016, U.S. blueberry exports have remained flat (approximately 18,145 metric tons), while U.S. imports during that same period almost tripled [2]. SHB cultivars have historically been softer than northern highbush blueberry (NHB) (V. corymbosum) cultivars, limiting SHB to hand-harvest for fresh market. SHB are only mechanically harvested during the latter part of the season when it is no longer economical to harvest by hand. Mechanically harvested fruit may either go to the fresh or processed market depending on the cultivar and condition of the fruit. To reduce labor costs, blueberry growers in Florida, in other production areas across the United States and in major blueberry producing countries (e.g., Australia, Canada, Chile, and Poland), are increasingly showing interest in adopting mechanic...

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“…The lower percentages of HE in 2019 could be related to two factors: (a) lower branches could lead to an inadequate closure of the catcher trays of collectors; (b) lower detachment forces could cause a premature fall of the fruits, before the tree was shaken. In olive, detachment forces lower than 2.7 N g −1 could lead to this situation [10,46]. Branch damages caused by the harvesters are an important issue for all mechanized orchards, so it is important to prevent them [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In SHD olive orchards, fruit losses range from 2 to 10%, resulting in 90-98% of harvesting efficiency [12,13,[42][43][44][45]. Sola-Guirado [46] reported that the vibration behavior of SHD olive groves, observed in time and frequency domains, showed that only the 62% of the calculated vibration time is used to detach fruits in the tunnel of the harvester, paying attention to fruit detachment force values. The highest efficiencies are found when the detachment index was around 2.7 cN g −1 [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Almond Cultivars Trained in a Super-High Density Orchard Show Different Growth, Yield Efficiencies and Damages by Mechanical Harvesting

Maldera

Vivaldi

Iglesias-Castellarnau³

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Modern almond growing travels on the tracks of super-high density (SHD). Born in 2010, it has already reached 6700 ha planted all over the world. This new cultivation system needs to define efficient agronomic techniques in order to identify it as a “Super-Efficient System”. Among these, the choice of cultivar is a crucial technique and a key factor for sustainability. The purpose of this study was to compare different cultivars in terms of vegetative, productive, and efficiencies parameters in order to gain applicable relevant knowledge about the SHD almond cultivation technique. For this, 3 years of research was carried out during 2017–2019, on a young almond grove made in 2014 with row spacing of 3.80 m × 1.20 m (2190 trees/ha), to evaluate the agronomic behavior of the two most planted cultivars in Italy, Guara-Tuono and Lauranne® Avijor, grafted on the Rootpac®20 dwarfing rootstock. The main biometric, productive, yield, mechanical harvesting efficiencies, and almond quality parameters were evaluated. Cv Lauranne® showed greater vigor, greater fruit yield, and damaged axes by mechanical harvesting, while higher values of yield efficiencies were observed for cv Tuono. Harvesting efficiency was related to canopy size and tree age. On the contrary, almonds quality parameters were strongly related to the cultivar, confirming the good performance of Tuono as varietal characters. Then, this cultivar seems to be the most suitable for an efficient SHD planting system, in line with the objectives of modern sustainable fruit growing. The better performance of cv Tuono could be related to the positive influence of the terroir as well.

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The vibration behaviour of hedgerow olive trees in response to mechanical harvesting with straddle harvester

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Development of Olive Harvesting Machine by Shaking

Development of Olive Harvesting Machine by Shaking

Harvest of Southern Highbush Blueberry with a Modified, Over-The-Row Mechanical Harvester: Use of Handheld Shakers and Soft Catch Surfaces

Two Almond Cultivars Trained in a Super-High Density Orchard Show Different Growth, Yield Efficiencies and Damages by Mechanical Harvesting

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