The viability of probiotics as a factor influencing the immune response in the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Abstract

ABSTRACThe present investigation was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of the probiotics Bacillus subtilis, Lactobucillus plantarum, a mixture of both bacterial isolates (B.subtilis and L. plantarum) and the yeast, Sacchromyces cerevisiae on the immune response of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Two experimental diets were conducted. In the first experiment O. niloticus ( 24.55±0.03g) were fed for 60 days on four experimental diets supplemented with B. subtilis (10 7 CFU/g ) (D1), L. plantarum (10 7 CFU/g) (D2) a mixture of B. subtilis and L. plantarum (D3) and the yeast Sacchromyces cerevisiae (D4) and a control non-supplemented diet. All of the four experimental diets showed significantly increased phagocytic activity, acid phosphatase activity, lysozyme activity and total immunoglobulin activity in blood samples of the fish as compared with the control nonsupplemented diet. In the second experiment, O. niloticus (35.05±0.01g) were fed on a diet supplemented with three concentrations of L. plantarum (10 5 , 10 7 and 10 9 CFU/g) (D1, D2 and D3) respectively for 60 days. The probiotic treatment increased significantly the phagocytic activity for fish fed D2, while acid phosphatase activity was significantly increased for fish fed D3. Diets (D2 and D3) showed significantly the highest levels of lysozyme activity. No significant differences between the three diets for phenoloxidase activity, while total immunoglobulin showed significantly increased levels for fish fed D1 and D3 respectively. The results of the present study support the use of probiotics as immunostimulants in common fish diets.

Effects of dietary supplementation of a marine thermotolerant bacterium, Bacillus paralicheniformis SO‐1, on growth performance and immune responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

“…In the present study, PA was significantly increased in tilapia following dietary supplementation of SO-1 up to a concentration of 10 g/kg diet. Similar results were also reported on the same species (El-Ezabi et al, 2011;Makled et al, 2017),…”

“…In the present study, PA was significantly increased in tilapia following dietary supplementation of SO‐1 up to a concentration of 10 g/kg diet. Similar results were also reported on the same species (El‐Ezabi et al, ; Makled et al, ), where probiotic administration increased PA activity. Phagocytosis also increased following probiotic administration in rainbow trout (Panigrahi et al, ) and gilthead seabream (Salinas et al, ).…”

“…Phenoloxidase (PO) enzyme is considered one of the important indicators of the immune response in fish and has been found in the neutrophils of Nile tilapia (El‐Ezabi et al, ; Witten, Villwock, & Renwrantz, ). In the present study, PO activity was significantly higher ( p < 0.05) at concentrations of 5 and 10 g of SO‐1 per kg diet than that at 20 g/kg.…”

Multifaceted applications of probiotic Bacillus species in aquaculture with special reference to Bacillus subtilis

“…lactis and other microorganisms exerts synergistic beneficial effects on growth and nutrition, immunity and disease resistance of aquatic hosts (EI‐Ezabi et al . 2011; Mohapatra et al . 2012; Won et al .…”

The potential benefits of Lactobacillus farraginis and Enterococcus durans , isolated from kefir, as probiotic candidates on innate immune responses, expression of some immune genes, and resistance to Lactococcosis disease in juvenile rainbow trout

“…The highest level of lysozyme activity was those of LF2+ED2 and LF2 treatments and the least increase was observed in LF1 and ED1 treatments. Likewise, adding probiotic strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus , Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis (combinational), Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (combinational), Enterococcus casseliflavus and Lactococcus lactis to the diets of the Oncorhynchus mykis s, Oreochromis niloticus , and Epinephelidae species has significantly increased the lysozyme activity (Panigrahi et al, 2004; Merrifield et al, 2010; Sun et al, 2012; El‐Ezabiet et al, 2011; Safari et al, 2016). Nevertheless, the application of probiotic supplements consisting Bacillus subtilis , Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactococcus lactis , Leuconostoc mesenteroides , and Lactobacillus sakei didn't cause significant changes in the lysozyme index level of the trout (Balcazar et al, 2007; Yazici et al, 2015).…”