The Vestibulo-Ocular Response during Transient Arousal Shifts in Man

Kasper, J.; Diefenhardt, A.; Mackert, A.; Thoden, U.

doi:10.3109/00016489209100775

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…) and/or alertness (Collins & Guedry, ; Collins & Poe, ; Kasper et al . ). As a whole, these findings support an increased gain at the level of the vestibular nuclei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Temporary changes in state‐anxiety and arousal are linked to increased VOR gain (Collins & Guedry, ; Collins & Poe, ; Kasper et al . ; Yardley et al . ), suggesting that ascending vestibular reflexes are subject to autonomic or emotional modulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, drowsy subjects are less likely to produce VOR responses than awake ones (Kasper et al . ). Alerting tasks, such as mental arithmetic, are also more effective at increasing VOR gain than arousal‐inducing drugs (amphetamine: Collins & Poe, ) or exercise (Yardley et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Human studies probing the effects of anxiety or arousal on vestibular reflex function normally focus on the VOR (Collins & Guedry, ; Collins & Poe, ; Kasper et al . ; Yardley et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of human vestibular reflexes with increased postural threat

Horslen

Dakin

Inglis

et al. 2014

The Journal of Physiology

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Key pointsr The vestibular system is an important sensory contributor to the control of standing balance. r Fear, anxiety and arousal are thought to influence the excitability of the vestibular system, but it is not clear if these changes lead to altered vestibular-evoked balance reflexes.r Low and high standing surface heights were used to manipulate fear and anxiety in this study, while stochastic vestibular stimulation was used to evoke balance reflexes. r These results support the idea that the manner in which vestibular information is processed is altered when people are exposed to a threat to their balance, and this altered processing may explain why normal balance behaviour is different in threatening scenarios.Abstract Anxiety and arousal have been shown to facilitate human vestibulo-ocular reflexes, presumably through direct neural connections between the vestibular nuclei and emotional processing areas of the brain. However, the effects of anxiety, fear and arousal on balance-relevant vestibular reflexes are currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to manipulate standing height to determine whether anxiety and fear can modulate the direct relationship between vestibular signals and balance reflexes during stance. Stochastic vestibular stimulation (SVS; 2-25 Hz) was used to evoke ground reaction forces (GRF) while subjects stood in both LOW and HIGH surface height conditions. Two separate experiments were conducted to investigate the SVS-GRF relationship, in terms of coupling (coherence and cumulant density) and gain, in the medio-lateral (ML) and antero-posterior (AP) directions. The short-and medium-latency cumulant density peaks were both significantly increased in the ML and AP directions when standing in HIGH, compared to LOW, conditions. Likewise, coherence was statistically greater between 4.3 Hz and 6.7 Hz in the ML, and between 5.5 and 17.7 Hz in the AP direction. When standing in the HIGH condition, the gain of the SVS-GRF relationship was increased 81% in the ML direction, and 231% in the AP direction. The significant increases in coupling and gain observed in both experiments demonstrate that vestibular-evoked balance responses are augmented in states of height-induced postural threat. These data support the possibility that fear or anxiety-mediated changes to balance control are affected by altered central processing of vestibular information.

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“…) and/or alertness (Collins & Guedry, ; Collins & Poe, ; Kasper et al . ). As a whole, these findings support an increased gain at the level of the vestibular nuclei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Human studies probing the effects of anxiety or arousal on vestibular reflex function normally focus on the VOR (Collins & Guedry, ; Collins & Poe, ; Kasper et al . ; Yardley et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modulation of human vestibular reflexes with increased postural threat

Horslen

Dakin

Inglis

et al. 2014

The Journal of Physiology

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“…66 As locus ceruleus projections are also highly collateralised, we have proposed 24 67 that the ceruleovestibular pathway may be one branch of fibres that co-activate (or co-modulate) neurones in the vestibular nucleus and other motor pathways, contributing to the known effects of the state of arousal on vestibular reflex performance. [68][69][70][71] The actions of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have provided compelling evidence for a role of serotonergic transmission in vestibular function. Recent evidence indicates that SSRIs are efficacious in the treatment of vertigo; 18 32 72 furthermore, the beneficial effect of benzodiazepines such as clonazepam on both dizziness and anxiety may be mediated by their serotonergic effects.…”

Section: Anxiety Related Dizzinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long duration asymmetric postural tremor in the development of Parkinson's disease

Grosset¹,

Lees²

2005

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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L ast year we said goodbye to Ian Whittle whom we thank for all his hard work and welcome Peter Warnke from Liverpool as our new Associate Editor for Neurosurgery. We also say goodbye to many members of the editorial board and welcome new faces. The vitality of the journal rests with its reviewers and authors. We listed our reviewers in the December issue and reiterate our thanks to them. With over two thousand submissions a year the burden on unpaid reviewers forever increases. In order to reduce the burden we have tried to make an early decision on priority for the journal with the result that over a third of papers do not go out to review. This will include many papers that are well conducted and worthy of publication but which we consider are not best suited to the JNNP, usually because they are too specialised. In order to assist authors with the decision of whether to submit to the journal we have revised the website guidelines. In summary we wish to attract papers of general interest to the multi-disciplinary readership of Neurologists, Psychiatrists, and Neurosurgeons. Papers should be of direct clinical relevance and so we will not generally publish papers on normal brain function nor on animal studies. We hope that these changes will provide a quick decision for our authors whilst reducing the burden on reviewers. Nevertheless prioritising between good papers remains very difficult and to assist this we have established a weekly editorial meeting.As we enter 2005 we reiterate our thanks to reviewers and authors and hope to continue to attract similar high quality manuscripts to those we have handled over the last year.

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