The versatility and universality of calcium signalling

Berridge, Michael J.; Lipp, Peter; Bootman, Martin D.

doi:10.1038/35036035

Cited by 5,058 publications

(4,383 citation statements)

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“…Tmem38b −/− mice are neonatally lethal and have reduced bone volume 95,96 . Defective ER calcium flux dysregulates collagen synthesis by multiple ER enzymes 94,97 (FIG. 3d).…”

Section: Box 1 | Classification Of Osteogenesis Imperfectamentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Marini

Forlino

Bächinger

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Dis Primers

545

582

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| Skeletal deformity and bone fragility are the hallmarks of the brittle bone dysplasia osteogenesis imperfecta. The diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta usually depends on family history and clinical presentation characterized by a fracture (or fractures) during the prenatal period, at birth or in early childhood; genetic tests can confirm diagnosis. Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by dominant autosomal mutations in the type I collagen coding genes (COL1A1 and COL1A2) in about 85% of individuals, affecting collagen quantity or structure. In the past decade, (mostly) recessive, dominant and X-linked defects in a wide variety of genes encoding proteins involved in type I collagen synthesis, processing, secretion and post-translational modification, as well as in proteins that regulate the differentiation and activity of bone-forming cells have been shown to cause osteogenesis imperfecta. The large number of causative genes has complicated the classic classification of the disease, and although a new genetic classification system is widely used, it is still debated. Phenotypic manifestations in many organs, in addition to bone, are reported, such as abnormalities in the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems, skin fragility, muscle weakness, hearing loss and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Management involves surgical and medical treatment of skeletal abnormalities, and treatment of other complications. More innovative approaches based on gene and cell therapy, and signalling pathway alterations, are under investigation. NATURE REVIEWS | DISEASE PRIMERS VOLUME 3 | ARTICLE NUMBER 17052 | 1 PRIMER © 2 0 1 7 M a c m i l l a n P u b l i s h e r s L i m i t e d , p a r t o f S p r i n g e r N a t u r e . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d .In this Primer, we provide an overview of epidemio logy, genetics and pathophysiology of osteogenesis imperfecta, as well as diagnosis and management. EpidemiologyStudies from Europe and the United States have found a birth prevalence of osteogenesis imperfecta of 0.3-0.7 per 10,000 births 5,6 . These birth cohort analyses reflect more severe types of osteogenesis imperfecta and do not include more subtle types that become apparent after birth. A population based study that used the Danish National Patient Register found an annual incidence of osteogenesis imperfecta of 1.5 per 10,000 births between 1997 and 2013 (REF. 7). Population surveys in countries with comprehensive medical databases, such as Finland, estimated a prevalence of about 0.5 per 10,000 individ uals 8 , with most having phenotypically milder osteo genesis imperfecta type I and type IV (BOX 1; TABLE 1). Because these birth cohort and population surveys are based on clinical findings and tend to find mutu ally exclusive populations, a reasonable estimate of the incidence of osteogenesis imperfecta is about 1 per 10,000 individuals. Most patients are heterozygous for mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2. No difference in the prevalence between sexes was reported.Approximately 90% of the 3,000 individuals whose mutations ha...

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“…Tmem38b −/− mice are neonatally lethal and have reduced bone volume 95,96 . Defective ER calcium flux dysregulates collagen synthesis by multiple ER enzymes 94,97 (FIG. 3d).…”

Section: Box 1 | Classification Of Osteogenesis Imperfectamentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Marini

Forlino

Bächinger

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Dis Primers

545

582

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In eukaryotes, PI-PLC hydrolyses the membrane lipid PIP 2 , thereby releasing the two second messengers IP 3 and DAG. While DAG activates protein kinase C (PKC), IP 3 triggers the calcium release from intracellular compartments like the ER (reviewed in Berridge et al, 2000). Generally, PI-PLC is activated via the G protein-coupled receptor pathway (reviewed in Rhee, 2001).…”

Section: The Role Of Plasmodial Phospholipases During Life-cycle Progmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phospholipases during membrane dynamics in malaria parasites

Flammersfeld

Lang

Flieger

et al. 2018

International Journal of Medical Microbiology

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A B S T R A C TPlasmodium parasites, the causative agents of malaria, display a well-regulated lipid metabolism required to ensure their survival in the human host as well as in the mosquito vector. The fine-tuning of lipid metabolic pathways is particularly important for the parasites during the rapid erythrocytic infection cycles, and thus enzymes involved in lipid metabolic processes represent prime targets for malaria chemotherapeutics. While plasmodial enzymes involved in lipid synthesis and acquisition have been studied in the past, to date not much is known about the roles of phospholipases for proliferation and transmission of the malaria parasite. These phospholipid-hydrolyzing esterases are crucial for membrane dynamics during host cell infection and egress by the parasite as well as for replication and cell signaling, and thus they are considered important virulence factors. In this review, we provide a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of plasmodial phospholipases identified to date. We further summarize previous findings on the lipid metabolism of Plasmodium, highlight the roles of phospholipases during parasite life-cycle progression, and discuss the plasmodial phospholipases as potential targets for malaria therapy.

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“…One of the main goals will be to determine how, and via which combination of specific Ca 2+ toolkit elements [98], Ca 2+ might regulate specific events in neural and renal progenitor cells in order to drive the overall development of these two quite distinct organ systems.…”

Section: This Is the Pre-published Versionmentioning

confidence: 99%