The vergence horopter

Harrold, Ashleigh; Grove, Philip M.

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2020.12.003

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Binocular diplopia [12, 13] of AACE is characterized by ipsilateral horizontal vision changes without extraocular muscle palsy or eye movement disorder, which can be usually caused by abnormal eye position, retinal abnormality, or fusional vergence that may dysfunction in AACE but rarely reported [14]. Fusional vergences [15] consisting of divergence and convergence are the spontaneous activity in specific regions of the brain, which eliminate horizontal image disparity and can be measured in terms of amplitude by prism power. Divergence and convergence amplitude represent attempts to eliminate binasal and bitemporal retinal image disparity, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusional Vergence Dysfunctions in Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia of Adulthood with Myopia

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) has been increased dramatically in myopia. To clarify whether fusional vergence dysfunctions exist in AACE with myopia, and to explore the relationship between fusional vergence and myopia in AACE Methods: A prospective clinical study. Adult AACE patients as well as controls (aged ≥18 years) both with myopia were prospectively recruited from October 2016 to August 2021. Refractive error and fusional divergence and convergence amplitude at distance were measured, as determined with a comprehensive refractor. The main outcome measures were the real value of the fusional divergence amplitude (calculated by subtracting the break point value from the angle of deviation) and the real value of the fusional convergence amplitude (calculated by subtracting the angle of deviation from the break point value). Two-sided p value of less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: Fusional vergence consisting of fusional divergence and fusional convergence in patients with AACE of adulthood were different from the controls (p<0.001), with fusional convergence decreased and fusional divergence increased. In the linear regression analysis, spherical equivalents were significantly negatively correlated with fusional convergence (right eyes, p<0.001; left eyes, p<0.001) in patients with AACE of adulthood but not in controls. There was a significant difference in fusional convergence amplitude among different degrees of spherical equivalents (p<0.001). Conclusions: Fusional vergence dysfunction exist in AACE of adulthood, which may be attributed to self-adaptation based on concomitant esotropia to maintain fusion in AACE. Fusional convergence was associated with degrees of myopia, implying the adaption would be weakened as the degree of myopia becomes serious.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusional Vergence Dysfunctions in Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia of Adulthood with Myopia

et al. 2022

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Postoperative Changes of Fusional Vergence in Children Intermittent Exotropia

Zhao,

Hong,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Iran J Pediatr

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: This study aimed to evaluate changes in fusional vergence after strabismus surgery and to explore predictive parameters and the impact of fusional vergence on surgical outcomes. All patients diagnosed with intermittent exotropia (IXT) between March 2015 and October 2017 were included. Orthoptic assessments, including visual acuity, cover test, and mean fusional vergence (breakage/recovery, both negative and positive), were measured using a synoptophore. Subjects with symptomatic exotropia who underwent strabismus surgery were included. The primary outcome measure was the surgical success (SS) rate at a 6-month follow-up, with adverse effects such as over-correction and under-correction also evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Surgical success was achieved in 62 patients (75.61%) at the 6-month follow-up. The postoperative fusional divergence breakpoints for the SS group and the surgical failure (SF) group were -7.52 ± 4.14 degrees and -10.00 ± 5.96 degrees (P = 0.040), respectively. The postoperative fusional convergence breakpoints for the SS group and the SF group were 10.03 ± 4.36 degrees and 4.65 ± 7.27 degrees (P < 0.001), respectively. The postoperative amplitude of fusional divergence was higher in the SS group compared to the SF group (P = 0.008). There was a significant difference in the duration of deviation (2.08 ± 0.84 vs. 4.23 ± 1.36, P < 0.001) between the groups, suggesting that the success rate of surgery is affected by the cumulative disease duration. Subjective deviation (-8.00 vs. -11.00, P = 0.049) and the amplitude of fusional divergence (6.52 ± 4.10 vs. 4.80 ± 2.59, P = 0.032) were also significantly different between the SS and SF groups. Postoperative breakpoints of fusional divergence and convergence, as well as the amplitude, were distinct between the SS and SF groups. Duration of deviation, angle of deviation, and subjective deviation were independent factors for (SS). Subjective deviation exhibited a predictive index for (SS) and may also reflect the severity of strabismus.

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The vergence horopter

Cited by 2 publications

References 43 publications

Fusional Vergence Dysfunctions in Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia of Adulthood with Myopia

Fusional Vergence Dysfunctions in Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia of Adulthood with Myopia

Postoperative Changes of Fusional Vergence in Children Intermittent Exotropia

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