The Verbal-Loop Hypothesis: Conventional Figures

Glanzer, Murray; Clark, William H.

doi:10.2307/1420773

Cited by 71 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Depending upon the particular stimulus representation of the binary number, the correlation between mean verbalization length (MVL) and accuracy ranged from -.79 to -.83. Glanzer and Clark (1964) also demonstrate that MVL is correlated to the same extent with judged complexity of conventional geometric figures. Thus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 59%

Information, run structure and binary pattern complexity

Vitz¹

1968

Perception & Psychophysics

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mentioning

confidence: 59%

Information, run structure and binary pattern complexity

Vitz¹

1968

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Correspondence may be addressed to Neil Morris, Wolverhampton Polytechnic, School of Health Sciences, 62-68 Lichfield Street, Wolverhampton WVI IOJ, England. the use of articulatory rehearsal in short-term memory (see, e.g., Glanzer, 1964;Levy, 1971;Wickelgren, 1969). In its latest incarnation (Baddeley & Hitch, 1974), it is composed of two components: a phonological store holding speech-like representations, and an articulatory control process, which may use the vocal apparatus to create articulatory representations that can be refreshed by repeated subvocalization (Reisberg, Rappaport, & O'Shaughnessy, 1984;Sokolov, 1972).…”

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confidence: 99%

Habituation to irrelevant speech: Effects on a visual short-term memory task

Morris

Jones

1990

Perception & Psychophysics

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The Baddeley and Hitch (1974) formulation of short-term or working memory embodied a phonological store within the articulatory loop component of the model. Later formulations specifically postulated an acoustic filter that endowed only speech-like stimuli with obligatory access to this phonological store. This paper presents evidence that this phonological store may have two filters, one of which is subject to habituation and can therefore attenuate the entry of irrelevant speech, thus undermining the obligatory access assumption of the model. An experiment is reported in which subjects were presented with a habituation period comprising 20 min of irrelevant speechspeech to be ignored by the subject-before a test phase in which a visually presented serial recall task with concurrent irrelevant speech was performed. The effect of irrelevant speech, which impairs performance on the primary task when there is no habituation phase, is reduced markedly in those conditions where the speech used in the habituation phase is the same as that used in the test phase, ifthe irrelevant speech is in a language different from that presented during the subsequent trials or if the habituator is a hummed version of the irrelevant speech passage. When a nonspeech sound (pink noise) is used in the habituation phase, a large irrelevant speech effect is found in the test phase. Morris, Quayle, and Jones (1989) found that humming did not produce an irrelevant speech effect, which suggests that the first filter is permeable to humming but that the second filter is not. The results of the habituation study indicate that the first filter is permeable to all speech sounds but not to other acoustic input and that it has some attenuating device.A second filter appears to extract more complex speech features and thus excludes humming. It is concluded that irrelevant speech does not have obligatory access to this phonological store when exposure is prolonged, and that it has unvarying spectral features.

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“…It is also clear that we are able to produce and remember verbal descriptions that capture at least some aspects of visual input. Experimental evidence frequently quoted is that of Carmichael, Hogan, & Walter (1932), Conrad (1964), and Glanzer & Clark (1964). Evidence for a schematic visual representation is implicit in the fact that most uses of visual input must be based upon an articulation of the patterns of stimulation into objects and their relations.…”

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confidence: 99%