The verb and noun test for peri-operative testing (VAN-POP): standardized language tests for navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation and direct electrical stimulation

Ohlerth, Ann-Katrin; Valentin, Antonio; Vergani, Francesco; Ashkan, Keyoumars; Bastiaanse, Roelien

doi:10.1007/s00701-019-04159-x

Cited by 20 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The exposed cortical area was mapped with one stimulation area every 2–3 cm at least three times per language task. The selection of the intraoperative tasks were performed according to the Dutch Linguistic Intra-operative Protocol ( 31 ) and the Verb and Noun Test for Peri-Operative Testing ( 32 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Language mapping was performed following resting motor threshold determination ( 33 ). A set series of pre-designed images were presented to the patient for baseline assessment in two consecutive rounds: object naming, action naming in the present tense, and action naming in the past tense ( 32 ). The inter-picture interval was set to 2,500 ms, and the display time (DT) varied between 500 and 1,000 ms, which was dependent on a patient's ability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Middle Frontal Gyrus and Area 55b: Perioperative Mapping and Language Outcomes

et al. 2021

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Background: The simplistic approaches to language circuits are continuously challenged by new findings in brain structure and connectivity. The posterior middle frontal gyrus and area 55b (pFMG/area55b), in particular, has gained a renewed interest in the overall language network.Methods: This is a retrospective single-center cohort study of patients who have undergone awake craniotomy for tumor resection. Navigated transcranial magnetic simulation (nTMS), tractography, and intraoperative findings were correlated with language outcomes.Results: Sixty-five awake craniotomies were performed between 2012 and 2020, and 24 patients were included. nTMS elicited 42 positive responses, 76.2% in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and hesitation was the most common error (71.4%). In the pMFG/area55b, there were seven positive errors (five hesitations and two phonemic errors). This area had the highest positive predictive value (43.0%), negative predictive value (98.3%), sensitivity (50.0%), and specificity (99.0%) among all the frontal gyri. Intraoperatively, there were 33 cortical positive responses—two (6.0%) in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG), 15 (45.5%) in the MFG, and 16 (48.5%) in the IFG. A total of 29 subcortical positive responses were elicited−21 in the deep IFG–MFG gyri and eight in the deep SFG–MFG gyri. The most common errors identified were speech arrest at the cortical level (20 responses−13 in the IFG and seven in the MFG) and anomia at the subcortical level (nine patients—eight in the deep IFG–MFG and one in the deep MFG–SFG). Moreover, 83.3% of patients had a transitory deterioration of language after surgery, mainly in the expressive component (p = 0.03). An increased number of gyri with intraoperative positive responses were related with better preoperative (p = 0.037) and worse postoperative (p = 0.029) outcomes. The involvement of the SFG–MFG subcortical area was related with worse language outcomes (p = 0.037). Positive nTMS mapping in the IFG was associated with a better preoperative language outcome (p = 0.017), relating to a better performance in the expressive component, while positive mapping in the MFG was related to a worse preoperative receptive component of language (p = 0.031).Conclusion: This case series suggests that the posterior middle frontal gyrus, including area 55b, is an important integration cortical hub for both dorsal and ventral streams of language.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Frontal Gyrus and Area 55b: Perioperative Mapping and Language Outcomes

et al. 2021

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“…We cannot also rule out the role of other white matter tracts that have been linked to speech output such as the frontal aslant tract, linking the inferior and superior frontal gyri. Picture naming is also just one of many aspects of language that may be important to test preoperatively, such as spoken word recognition, syntax or sentence understanding ( Ohlerth et al , 2020 ). Furthermore, it is not possible to evaluate the precise relationship between the cortex and the streamline endings using tractography due to partial volume effects at the grey–white matter boundary.…”

Section: Limitations and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative transcranial magnetic stimulation for picture naming is reliable in mapping segments of the arcuate fasciculus

Giampiccolo

Howells

Bährend

et al. 2020

Brain Communications

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In preoperative planning for neurosurgery, both anatomical (diffusion imaging tractography) and functional tools (MR-navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation) are increasingly used to identify and preserve eloquent language structures specific to individuals. Using these tools in healthy adults shows that speech production errors occur mainly in perisylvian cortical sites that correspond with subject-specific terminations of the major language pathway, the arcuate fasciculus. It is not clear whether this correspondence remains in oncological patients with altered tissue. We studied a heterogeneous cohort of thirty patients (fourteen male, mean age 44), undergoing a first or second surgery for a left hemisphere brain tumour in a language-eloquent region, to test whether speech production errors induced by preoperative transcranial magnetic stimulation had consistent anatomical correspondence with the arcuate fasciculus. We used navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation during picture naming and recorded different perisylvian sites where transient interference to speech production occurred. Spherical deconvolution diffusion imaging tractography was performed to map the direct fronto-temporal and indirect (fronto-parietal and parieto-temporal) segments of the arcuate fasciculus in each patient. Speech production errors were reported in all patients when stimulating the frontal lobe, and in over 90% of patients in the parietal lobe. Errors were less frequent in the temporal lobe (54%). In all patients, at least one error site corresponded with a termination of the arcuate fasciculus, particularly in the frontal and parietal lobes, despite distorted anatomy due to a lesion and/or previous resection. Our results indicate that there is strong correspondence between terminations of the arcuate fasciculus and speech errors. This indicates that white matter anatomy may be a robust marker for identifying functionally eloquent cortex, particularly in the frontal and parietal lobe. This knowledge may improve targets for preoperative mapping of language in the neurosurgical setting.

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“…The German version of the Verb And Noun test for Peri OPerative testing (VAN-POP; Ohlerth et al, 2020 ) was used. For the current study, only the data of the verb test were included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 However, weak lexicalist theories state that grammatical information is only retrieved given the presence of sentence context (Caramazza, 1997 ), while constructivist accounts argue that grammatical information is not associated with lexical entries and that sentence building is restricted by semantics and world knowledge (Borer, 2005 ). These are relevant points for the present study because our action naming task requires the verb to be retrieved in sentence context (Ohlerth et al, 2020 ). As a result, for our task all accounts predict that producing a transitive verb in sentence context is more complex than producing an intransitive verb in sentence context because grammatical information has to be accessed and encoded when constructing a sentence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mapping Verb Retrieval With nTMS: The Role of Transitivity

Ntemou¹,

Ohlerth²,

Ille

et al. 2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (nTMS) is used to understand the cortical organization of language in preparation for the surgical removal of a brain tumor. Action naming with finite verbs can be employed for that purpose, providing additional information to object naming. However, little research has focused on the properties of the verbs that are used in action naming tasks, such as their status as transitive (taking an object; e.g., to read) or intransitive (not taking an object; e.g., to wink). Previous neuroimaging data show higher activation for transitive compared to intransitive verbs in posterior perisylvian regions bilaterally. In the present study, we employed nTMS and production of finite verbs to investigate the cortical underpinnings of transitivity. Twenty neurologically healthy native speakers of German participated in the study. They underwent language mapping in both hemispheres with nTMS. The action naming task with finite verbs consisted of transitive (e.g., The man reads the book) and intransitive verbs (e.g., The woman winks) and was controlled for relevant psycholinguistic variables. Errors were classified in four different error categories (i.e., non-linguistic errors, grammatical errors, lexico-semantic errors and, errors at the sound level) and were analyzed quantitatively. We found more nTMS-positive points in the left hemisphere, particularly in the left parietal lobe for the production of transitive compared to intransitive verbs. These positive points most commonly corresponded to lexico-semantic errors. Our findings are in line with previous aphasia and neuroimaging studies, suggesting that a more widespread network is used for the production of verbs with a larger number of arguments (i.e., transitives). The higher number of lexico-semantic errors with transitive compared to intransitive verbs in the left parietal lobe supports previous claims for the role of left posterior areas in the retrieval of argument structure information.

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The verb and noun test for peri-operative testing (VAN-POP): standardized language tests for navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation and direct electrical stimulation

Cited by 20 publications

References 44 publications

Middle Frontal Gyrus and Area 55b: Perioperative Mapping and Language Outcomes

Middle Frontal Gyrus and Area 55b: Perioperative Mapping and Language Outcomes

Preoperative transcranial magnetic stimulation for picture naming is reliable in mapping segments of the arcuate fasciculus

Mapping Verb Retrieval With nTMS: The Role of Transitivity

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