The vasculature of neurogenic niches: Properties and function

Karakatsani, Andromachi; Álvarez-Vergara, María I.; Almodóvar, Carmen Ruiz de

doi:10.1016/j.cdev.2023.203841

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…For example, near to the SVZ, the vasculature is characterized by a dense network but with some permeability. NSCs can expand long basal processes that envelop the vessels by expressing laminins and integrins typical of the SVZ [ 146 ]. In addition, vasculature is related to the migration of NSCs and its progeny, serving as support scaffolds [ 31 , 147 ].…”

Section: Neurogenesis In the Subventricular Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Intricacies of Neurogenic Niches: Unraveling the Anatomy and Neural Microenvironments

Sánchez-Gomar,

Geribaldi-Doldán,

Santos-Rosendo

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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Neurogenesis is the process of forming new neurons from neural stem cells (NSCs). In adults, this process takes place in specific areas of the brain, known as neurogenic niches. These regions have unique anatomical features that have been studied in animal models and in the human brain; however, there are differences between these models that need to be addressed. The most studied areas are the subventricular zone, the lateral and latero-dorsal walls of the lateral ventricles, and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus (Hp), which are known as the canonical areas. Other, less-studied niches, such as the hypothalamus, the cerebellum, and the amygdala, are known as non-canonical areas. Anatomy occupies a relevant place in adult neurogenesis, in which the tissue architecture and cellular location are necessities for the interaction and release of diverse molecules that allow this phenomenon. The cell arrangement within the niche and the location of the niche itself are of particular relevance to the state in which the NSCs are found. Consequently, the majority of previous discoveries have been related to pathology. While many studies are based on animal models, discoveries related to neurogenesis in humans have also been made; however, in this case, opinions vary, leading to extensive controversy in recent years. In this review, we address the anatomical characteristics of the different brain regions to better understand their relationships within neurogenesis.

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Section: Neurogenesis In the Subventricular Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Intricacies of Neurogenic Niches: Unraveling the Anatomy and Neural Microenvironments

Sánchez-Gomar,

Geribaldi-Doldán,

Santos-Rosendo

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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“…Secondly, vascularization in the adult SVZ and SGZ is very dense and highly organized compared with non-neurogenic brain regions [13,[47][48][49]. Of all brainstem structures, however, the medial vestibular nucleus is the most sensitive to ischemia, attesting to its extensive vascularization [50].…”

Section: A New Neurogenic Niche In the Brainstem: The Vestibular Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vestibular Nuclei: A Cerebral Reservoir of Stem Cells Involved in Balance Function in Normal and Pathological Conditions

Rastoldo,

Tighilet

2024

IJMS

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In this review, we explore the intriguing realm of neurogenesis in the vestibular nuclei—a critical brainstem region governing balance and spatial orientation. We retrace almost 20 years of research into vestibular neurogenesis, from its discovery in the feline model in 2007 to the recent discovery of a vestibular neural stem cell niche. We explore the reasons why neurogenesis is important in the vestibular nuclei and the triggers for activating the vestibular neurogenic niche. We develop the symbiotic relationship between neurogenesis and gliogenesis to promote vestibular compensation. Finally, we examine the potential impact of reactive neurogenesis on vestibular compensation, highlighting its role in restoring balance through various mechanisms.

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The relationship between adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease

Geigenmüller,

Tari,

Wisloff

et al. 2024

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Neurogenesis persists throughout adulthood in the hippocampus and contributes to specific cognitive functions. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the hippocampus is affected by pathology and functional impairment early in the disease. Human AD patients have reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) levels compared to age‐matched healthy controls. Similarly, rodent AD models show a decrease in AHN before the onset of the classical hallmarks of AD pathology. Conversely, enhancement of AHN can protect against AD pathology and ameliorate memory deficits in both rodents and humans. Therefore, impaired AHN may be a contributing factor of AD‐associated cognitive decline, rather than an effect of it. In this review we outline the regulation and function of AHN in healthy individuals, and highlight the relationship between AHN dysfunction and cognitive impairments in AD. The existence of AHN in humans and its relevance in AD patients will also be discussed, with an outlook toward future research directions.Highlights Adult hippocampal neurogenesis occurs in the brains of mammals including humans. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced in Alzheimer's disease in humans and animal models.

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The vasculature of neurogenic niches: Properties and function

Cited by 8 publications

References 122 publications

Exploring the Intricacies of Neurogenic Niches: Unraveling the Anatomy and Neural Microenvironments

Exploring the Intricacies of Neurogenic Niches: Unraveling the Anatomy and Neural Microenvironments

The Vestibular Nuclei: A Cerebral Reservoir of Stem Cells Involved in Balance Function in Normal and Pathological Conditions

The relationship between adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease

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