The vascular system

Pugsley, Michael K.; Tabrizchi, Reza

doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(00)00125-8

Cited by 174 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Therefore, lung metastases may require robust extravasation such as those provided by MMP1 , EREG , COX2 , and MMP2 [67,71]. In contrast, the requirement for effective extravasation is not principal for bone and liver metastasis [71,73,74]. These findings correspond with our results revealing organ-specific differences in the metastatic ability of c- myb -overexpressing cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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c-Myb regulates matrix metalloproteinases 1/9, and cathepsin D: implications for matrix-dependent breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThe c-Myb transcription factor is essential for the maintenance of stem-progenitor cells in bone marrow, colon epithelia, and neurogenic niches. c-Myb malfunction contributes to several types of malignancies including breast cancer. However, the function of c-Myb in the metastatic spread of breast tumors remains unexplored. In this study, we report a novel role of c-Myb in the control of specific proteases that regulate the matrix-dependent invasion of breast cancer cells.ResultsEctopically expressed c-Myb enhanced migration and ability of human MDA-MB-231 and mouse 4T1 mammary cancer cells to invade Matrigel but not the collagen I matrix in vitro. c-Myb strongly increased the expression/activity of cathepsin D and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 and significantly downregulated MMP1. The gene coding for cathepsin D was suggested as the c-Myb-responsive gene and downstream effector of the migration-promoting function of c-Myb. Finally, we demonstrated that c-Myb delayed the growth of mammary tumors in BALB/c mice and affected the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells in an organ-specific manner.ConclusionsThis study identified c-Myb as a matrix-dependent regulator of invasive behavior of breast cancer cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The lung vascular endothelial junctions act as barriers limiting cell passage. In contrast, the bone marrow and liver vasculature consists of capillary vascular channels possessing a discontinuous endothelium [71,73]. Therefore, lung metastases may require robust extravasation such as those provided by MMP1 , EREG , COX2 , and MMP2 [67,71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

c-Myb regulates matrix metalloproteinases 1/9, and cathepsin D: implications for matrix-dependent breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis

et al. 2012

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“…Examples of conducting arteries include the aorta, pulmonary artery and carotid artery [9]. Conducting arteries branch into conduit arteries such as the brachial, radial and femoral arteries, and the function of these arteries is to direct blood to specific regions of the body [10]. The conduit arteries further divide into the resistance arteries which are responsible for adequately perfusing the organ tissue with blood and form part of the microcirculation.…”

Section: Vascular Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endothelium and Its Role in Regulating Vascular Tone

Sandoo¹,

Zanten²,

Metsios³

et al. 2010

TOCMJ

609

434

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The endothelium forms an important part of the vasculature and is involved in promoting an atheroprotective environment via the complementary actions of endothelial cell-derived vasoactive factors. Disruption of vascular homeostasis can lead to the development of endothelial dysfunction which in turn contributes to the early and late stages of atherosclerosis. In recent years an increasing number of non-invasive vascular tests have been developed to assess vascular structure and function in different clinical populations. The present review aims to provide an insight into the anatomy of the vasculature as well as the underlying endothelial cell physiology. In addition, an in-depth overview of the current methods used to assess vascular function and structure is provided as well as their link to certain clinical populations.

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“…The vascular wall is a complex construct composed of different cell types including the inner layer of endothelial cells (EC), surrounded by smooth muscle cells (SMC) within the media and finally the adventitia composed of fibroblasts [8]. For function of the vascular wall, interdependency between endothelial cells and mural cells is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of Gremlin-1 in Patients with Loeys-Dietz Syndrome: Implications on Pathophysiology and Early Disease Detection

et al. 2014

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BackgroundsThe Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is an inherited connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) receptors TGFBR1 or TGFBR2. Most patients with LDS develop severe aortic aneurysms resulting in early need of surgical intervention. In order to gain further insight into the pathophysiology of the disorder, we investigated circulating outgrowth endothelial cells (OEC) from the peripheral blood of LDS patients from a cohort of 23 patients including 6 patients with novel TGF-β receptor mutations.Methods and ResultsWe performed gene expression profiling of OECs using microarray analysis followed by quantitative PCR for verification of gene expression. Compared to OECs of age- and sex-matched healthy controls, OECs isolated from three LDS patients displayed altered expression of several genes belonging to the TGF-β pathway, especially those affecting bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signalling including BMP2, BMP4 and BMPR1A. Gene expression of BMP antagonist Gremlin-1 (GREM1) showed the most prominent up-regulation. This increase was confirmed at the protein level by immunoblotting of LDS-OECs. In immunohistochemistry, abundant Gremlin-1 protein expression could be verified in endothelial cells as well as smooth muscle cells within the arterial media. Furthermore, Gremlin-1 plasma levels of LDS patients were significantly elevated compared to healthy control subjects.ConclusionsThese findings open new avenues in the understanding of the pathogenesis of Loeys-Dietz syndrome and the development of new diagnostic serological methods for early disease detection.

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The vascular system

Cited by 174 publications

References 20 publications

c-Myb regulates matrix metalloproteinases 1/9, and cathepsin D: implications for matrix-dependent breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis

c-Myb regulates matrix metalloproteinases 1/9, and cathepsin D: implications for matrix-dependent breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis

The Endothelium and Its Role in Regulating Vascular Tone

Overexpression of Gremlin-1 in Patients with Loeys-Dietz Syndrome: Implications on Pathophysiology and Early Disease Detection

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