The variational principle in transformation optics engineering and some applications

García-Meca, Carlos; Tung, Michael M.

doi:10.1016/j.mcm.2011.11.035

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Our results show that a completely different class of transformation media displaying unusual effects can be obtained by assigning nonstandard transformation rules to the elements of the electromagnetic equations, opening different pathways and applications in the field of transformation optics. Besides the aforementioned potential utilities of the designed squeezer and waveguides, these optical elements could provide improvements in applications such as solid immersion microscopy, nanolithography, and optical data storage [16,33,36]. In addition, the alternative route for the creation of isolators that we have presented might be of particular interest, as this kind of device plays an essential role in microwave and nanophotonic technology, including laser protection, as well as the suppression of undesired crosstalk, signal routing, or interferences in a communication system [27,35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontensorial Transformation Optics

García-Meca

Barceló

2016

Phys. Rev. Applied

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We present an alternative version of transformation optics that allows us to mold the flow of light without rotating or scaling the electromagnetic fields. The resulting media experience unusual force densities, are nonreciprocal, and exhibit loss or gain. Because of these singular features, a variety of effects and devices unreachable by standard transformation optics can be achieved, including reflectionless light compression, optical modes with arbitrary in-plane polarization, and special isolators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontensorial Transformation Optics

García-Meca

Barceló

2016

Phys. Rev. Applied

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“…This means that we can formulate Maxwell's equations in an inherently covariant manner so to permit the description of electromagnetic phenomena on pseudo-Riemannian manifolds independent of the choice of coordinate frame. Mathematical details are reported in [20]. In this paper, we explain why this is important for designing equivariant CNNs.…”

Section: Quantum Field Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Deep Learning with Quantum Optics

Manzalini¹

2019

Quantum Reports

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The rapid evolution towards future telecommunications infrastructures (e.g., 5G, the fifth generation of mobile networks) and the internet is renewing a strong interest for artificial intelligence (AI) methods, systems, and networks. Processing big data to infer patterns at high speeds and with low power consumption is becoming an increasing central technological challenge. Electronics are facing physically fundamental bottlenecks, whilst nanophotonics technologies are considered promising candidates to overcome the limitations of electronics. Today, there are evidences of an emerging research field, rooted in quantum optics, where the technological trajectories of deep neural networks (DNNs) and nanophotonics are crossing each other. This paper elaborates on these topics and proposes a theoretical architecture for a Complex DNN made from programmable metasurfaces; an example is also provided showing a striking correspondence between the equivariance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and the invariance principle of gauge transformations.

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“…A famous example is classical electrodynamics, where gauge invariance appears as Gauss's law. Its presence in Maxwell's equations has been a guiding principle for transformation optics [15,16] based on a variational approach [17], which has led to the experimental realization of intriguing devices such as metamaterials with negative indices of refraction [18] and invisibility cloaks [19]. In this light it is natural for gauge invariance to be investigated using classical setups that are usually less expensive and simpler to implement compared to their counterparts in quantum synthetic matter.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering a U(1) lattice gauge theory in classical electric circuits

Riechert,

Halimeh,

Kasper

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Lattice gauge theories are fundamental to such distinct fields as particle physics, condensed matter, and quantum information science. Their local symmetries enforce the charge conservation observed in the laws of physics. Impressive experimental progress has demonstrated that they can be engineered in table-top experiments using synthetic quantum systems. However, the challenges posed by the scalability of such lattice gauge simulators are pressing, thereby making the exploration of different experimental setups desirable. Here, we realize a U(1) lattice gauge theory with five matter sites and four gauge links in classical electric circuits employing nonlinear elements connecting LC oscillators. This allows for probing previously inaccessible spectral and transport properties in a multi-site system. We directly observe Gauss's law, known from electrodynamics, and the emergence of long-range interactions between massive particles in full agreement with theoretical predictions. Our work paves the way for investigations of increasingly complex gauge theories on table-top classical setups, and demonstrates the precise control of nonlinear effects within metamaterial devices.

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The variational principle in transformation optics engineering and some applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Nontensorial Transformation Optics

Nontensorial Transformation Optics

Complex Deep Learning with Quantum Optics

Engineering a U(1) lattice gauge theory in classical electric circuits

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