“…Examples range from small-scale phenomena relating to magnetars, properties of highly relativistic jets, hyper/supernova explosions, the interstellar medium, dust extinction curves, starburst galaxies, chemical and molecular abundances, escape of ionizing radiation, the ionization state of the intergalactic medium, intervening absorption systems to standard candles in cosmology (e.g., Wijers et al 1998;Savaglio 2006;Ghirlanda 2007;Molinari et al 2007; Am-Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory, Paranal, Chile, Program IDs: 084.A-0260, 084.D-0265, 085.A-0009, 086.A-0073, 087.A-0055, 088.A-0051, 089.A-0067, 090.A-0088, 091.A-0877, 0091.C-0934, 092.A-0124, 092.D-0056, 092.D-0633, 093.A-0069, 094.A-0134, 095.A-0045, 095.B-0811, 096.A-0079, 097.A-0036, 098.A-0136, and 098.A-0055. e-mail: jselsing@dark-cosmology.dk † On-call observer ati et al 2008;Vergani et al 2009;Prochaska et al 2009;Hjorth & Bloom 2011;Rowlinson et al 2017;Christensen et al 2017).…”