The variance of the electronic structure in the near-surface regions of chemically homogeneous nanoparticles of oxide materials and its role in the conversion of chemisorption energy of water on the powder of zirconium dioxide

Abstract

Электронная структура приповерхностных областей наночастиц оксидного материала особого типа и возможность на этой основе получения специфических выпрямляющих свойств контактаизучаются теоретически, а затем проверяются экспериментально. Построены модели поверхностных состояний типа Тамма с учетом кулоновского дальнодействия. Обнаруженная дисперсия и еезависимость от кривизны поверхности наночастиц позволяют модельно изучить условия формирования контактной разности потенциалов для случаев наночастиц одинакового радиуса (синергетический эффект), разных радиусов (легированный и нелегированный варианты), а также обнаружить возможность описания группы частиц порошка из данного материала в рамках модели Андерсона. Некоторые следствия предложенной концепции были исследованы в рамках эксперимента по характеру вольтамперных характеристик пары контактирующих частиц порошка с различными комбинациями радиусов, и они показывают наличие свойств, характерных для выпрямляющего контакта. Выдвигаются перспективы для дальнейших экспериментальных испытаний, вытекающих из предложенной теории.

Crystal varizonicity: fundamental and applied aspects.

“…The most important result of this scheme was that the electronic band gap on the surface turned out to be smaller than the volume band gap by the value associated with the Modelung energy: E gb > E gs [2]. In a series of our works, by generalizing the results in [3][4][5], we obtained an analytical expression of the dependence of the band gap in an ion crystal on X, where X is the distance from the crystal surface to the observation point inside the crystal:…”

“…Moreover, they hypothesized about the shape of these potential wells and in the works [9][10], these potential pits were presented as Airy pits. We find these considerations interesting because in the cycle of our previous work [3][4][5], when studying the varizonicity of crystals with an ionic bond, we obtained some potential wells near the interface in the form of Airy. Because of this, we think it is interesting to combine the ideas of Airy pits and Airy electronic levels, expressed in this comment («Figure .4»), which play a basic role in the increase of Т с in the superconductivity of sandwiches for the case (LK-99).…”

“…After Tamm's work in 1932, where using the methods of quantum theory, he discovered local states on the surface (Tamm's levels), very significant results were obtained in the field of studies of the electronic structure of near-surface regions [2]. Recently, in a series of works [3][4][5] it has been shown that the exit of the variable zone to the surface leads to a completely new situation radically different from all previous works. «Figure 2» demonstrates how varizonicity creates potential pits of a special type (namely Airy pits) in which a whole group of local near-surface states can be localized.…”

The Rectifying Contact of Hydrated Different Size YSZ Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronics

“…With a sufficient degree of similarity, we can speak here as about the contact of two graded-gap semiconductors, but in order to reveal the most important property of such a structure-the contact potential difference, it is possible to ignore the variation-gap in the first approximation. It is easy to show that the confinement of electron-hole excitations in nanoparticles of different radii leads to a difference in the ionization potentials and electron affinity energies in these particles with different radii, which immediately destroys the equality of the Fermi level in these two samples even in the absence of alloying [41].…”

“…and the intrinsic defect field represents the value of the Coulomb potential, the energy of the local state has the form [41,42]:…”