The variability of vessel size in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and its ecophysiological interpretation

Sass, U.G.W.; Eckstein, Dieter

doi:10.1007/bf00202014

Cited by 137 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This finding for Fagus crenata was not in agreement with the findings of Sass and Eckstein (1995) for Fagus sylvatica, which revealed the importance of summer precipitation for the vessel formation in Fagus sylvatica. These varied results are likely to be associated with the fact that in contrast to the Fagus occurrences on the other continents where summer can be dry, rainfall during the summer season is generally sufficient for Fagus crenata throughout the Japanese islands (Tanaka, Taoda 1996).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 80%

Does the climate of the origin control anatomical characteristics of the vessel elements as well as different foliar traits in Fagus crenata?

Bayramzadeh¹,

Attarod²,

Ahmadi³

et al. 2011

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The relationships between climatic factors and anatomical characteristics of the vessel elements as well as different foliar traits were investigated in Fagus crenata seedlings originating from different provenances. Fagus crenata samples were prepared from Chichibu Research Forest of Tokyo University. In the present study, vessel number per mm 2 , average vessel diameter, vessel area percentage, vessel element length, percentages of perforation plate types, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf dry mass per unit leaf area, stomatal density and stomatal pore length were measured. Vessel number per mm 2 , vessel area percentage, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, leaf thickness and leaf dry mass per unit leaf area showed a significant negative correlation with yearly, winter, spring and autumn precipitation. The majority of the studied characteristics were not related to the mean annual and seasonal temperatures of the original provenances. The results suggest that anatomical characteristics of vessel elements and different foliar traits in Fagus crenata are mainly influenced by the precipitation of the origins.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 80%

Does the climate of the origin control anatomical characteristics of the vessel elements as well as different foliar traits in Fagus crenata?

Bayramzadeh¹,

Attarod²,

Ahmadi³

et al. 2011

J. For. Sci.

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show abstract

“…Across the entire elevation gradient, both CD and CWT showed a substantial synchronous variability among trees (rbt; Table 2), although with differences among the ring sectors. This suggests that cell anatomy, and thus morphogenesis, is sensitive to environmental variability (Fritts, 1976), but this sensitivity can also vary over the course of the growing season (Sass and Eckstein, 1995). The different patterns of rbt, with generally higher values for CWT towards the last ring sectors and with increasing elevation, also indicate that not all anatomical traits are equally sensitive to climate.…”

Section: Intra-annual Variability In Xylem Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

How does climate influence xylem morphogenesis over the growing season? Insights from long-term intra-ring anatomy inPicea abies

Castagneri

Fonti

Arx

et al. 2017

Ann Bot

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Background and Aims During the growing season, the cambium of conifer trees produces successive rows of xylem cells, the tracheids, that sequentially pass through the phases of enlargement and secondary wall thickening before dying and becoming functional. Climate variability can strongly influence the kinetics of morphogenetic processes, eventually affecting tracheid shape and size. This study investigates xylem anatomical structure in the stem of Picea abies to retrospectively infer how, in the long term, climate affects the processes of cell enlargement and wall thickening.Methods Tracheid anatomical traits related to the phases of enlargement (diameter) and wall thickening (wall thickness) were innovatively inspected at the intra-ring level on 87-year-long tree-ring series in Picea abies trees along a 900 m elevation gradient in the Italian Alps. Anatomical traits in ten successive tree-ring sectors were related to daily temperature and precipitation data using running correlations.Key Results Close to the altitudinal tree limit, low early-summer temperature negatively affected cell enlargement. At lower elevation, water availability in early summer was positively related to cell diameter. The timing of these relationships shifted forward by about 20 (high elevation) to 40 (low elevation) d from the first to the last tracheids in the ring. Cell wall thickening was affected by climate in a different period in the season. In particular, wall thickness of late-formed tracheids was strongly positively related to August-September temperature at high elevation.Conclusions Morphogenesis of tracheids sequentially formed in the growing season is influenced by climate conditions in successive periods. The distinct climate impacts on cell enlargement and wall thickening indicate that different morphogenetic mechanisms are responsible for different tracheid traits. Our approach of long-term and highresolution analysis of xylem anatomy can support and extend short-term xylogenesis observations, and increase our understanding of climate control of tree growth and functioning under different environmental conditions.

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“…Wood is a source of information about environmental events that took place during its formation (Sass and Eckstein 1995;Tulik 2001;Fonti et al 2009;MartinBenito et al 2013). The process of wood formation includes post-cambial cell growth, which determines the diameter of cells, deposition of the secondary cell wall and in case of vessels, tracheids and fibres-also lignification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anatomical traits of trunk wood and their relevance to oak (Quercus robur L.) vitality

Tulik

2014

Eur J Forest Res

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Oaks' decline in vitality is attributed to a complex process that involves interactions of several factors leading to increased trees' mortality. This study investigates the structure of trunk wood of oaks with reference to its physiological role in hydraulic conductivity. On the basis of the crown condition, the oaks were classified into three health groups: healthy trees, declining trees and dead trees. Anatomical traits of wood, such as annual ring width, vessel density, vessel diameter of earlywood and theoretical hydraulic conductivity, were measured and calculated. The narrowest annual rings formed by the cambium were observed in dead oaks. These trees were also characterized by the smallest diameter of earlywood vessels, not only in the period of occurrence of dieback symptoms, but also during their whole life. It is suggested that the formation of narrow annual rings and earlywood vessels of small diameter increases susceptibility of a tree to decay. A reduced vessel diameter implies changes in hydraulic conductivity of oak trunks and thus impairs the water transport, which affects the health of trees. The process of oak decline is considered to have characteristics of natural selection and leads to the elimination of the weakest trees.

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The variability of vessel size in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and its ecophysiological interpretation

Cited by 137 publications

References 25 publications

Does the climate of the origin control anatomical characteristics of the vessel elements as well as different foliar traits in Fagus crenata?

Does the climate of the origin control anatomical characteristics of the vessel elements as well as different foliar traits in Fagus crenata?

How does climate influence xylem morphogenesis over the growing season? Insights from long-term intra-ring anatomy inPicea abies

The anatomical traits of trunk wood and their relevance to oak (Quercus robur L.) vitality

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