The variability of the peptide-binding specificity of RNA

Harada, Kaoru; Iwazaki, Tetsuya; Li, Xianglan; Yuda, Azusa; Kobayashi, Kazushige

doi:10.1093/nass/3.1.201

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…A number of in vitro selection studies have demonstrated that RRE sequences can be readily mutated with both increased and decreased Rev-binding affinity relative to a wild type sequence [104]. Even more strikingly, minimal changes in the RRE can also dramatically alter preferential affinity for Rev versus other RRE-binding aptamers [105][106][107][108][109][110].…”

Section: Rre Functional Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence and Functional Variation in the HIV-1 Rev Regulatory Axis

Jackson

Dzhivhuho

Rekosh

et al. 2020

CHR

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Background: To complete its replication cycle, HIV-1 requires the nucleocytoplasmic export of intron-containing viral mRNAs. This process is ordinarily restricted by the cell, but HIV overcomes the block by means of a viral protein, Rev, and an RNA secondary structure found in all unspliced and incompletely spliced viral mRNAs called the Rev Response Element (RRE). In vivo activity of the Rev-RRE axis requires Rev binding to the RRE, oligomerization of Rev to form a competent ribonucleoprotein complex, and recruitment of cellular factors including Crm1 and RanGTP in order to export the targeted transcript. Sequence variability is observed among primary isolates in both Rev and the RRE, and the activity of both can be modulated through relatively small sequence changes. Primary isolates show differences in Rev-RRE activity and a few studies have found a correlation between lower Rev-RRE activity and slower progression of clinical disease. Lower Rev-RRE activity has also been associated with the evasion of cytotoxic T lymphocyte mediated killing. Conclusions: The HIV-1 Rev-RRE regulatory axis is an understudied mechanism by which viral adaptation to diverse immune milieus may take place. There is evidence that this adaptation plays a role in HIV pathogenesis, particularly in immune evasion and latency, but further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.

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