The variability of terpenes in conifers under developmental and environmental stimuli

Kopaczyk, Joanna; Warguła, Joanna; Jelonek, Tomasz

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104197

Cited by 78 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Terpenes are isoprenoids not containing nitrogen and sulfur and seem to be the main and largest group of natural phytochemicals group in conifers [ 12 ]. The terpenoids can be classified as C5 (hemiterpenes), C15 (sesquiterpenes), C20 (diterpenes), C10 (monoterpenes), C25 (sesterpenes), C40 (tetraterpenes), C40 (polyterpenes), and C30 (triterpenes) on the basis of C5 units [ 62 ].…”

Section: Conifers Phytochemicals Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sesquiterpenes have antiseptic, antimicrobial and disinfectant properties [ 64 ]. Kopaczyk et al (2020) showed that the antioxidant activity of terpenes can prevail over oxidative stress aggravated by internal and external stimuli [ 12 ].…”

Section: Conifers Phytochemicals Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They contain secondary metabolites that combat pathogens and activate the plant’s defense mechanism [ 12 ]. The three major phytochemical groups, viz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conifers Phytochemicals: A Valuable Forest with Therapeutic Potential

et al. 2021

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Conifers have long been recognized for their therapeutic potential in different disorders. Alkaloids, terpenes and polyphenols are the most abundant naturally occurring phytochemicals in these plants. Here, we provide an overview of the phytochemistry and related commercial products obtained from conifers. The pharmacological actions of different phytochemicals present in conifers against bacterial and fungal infections, cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are also reviewed. Data obtained from experimental and clinical studies performed to date clearly underline that such compounds exert promising antioxidant effects, being able to inhibit cell damage, cancer growth, inflammation and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, an attempt has been made with the intent to highlight the importance of conifer-derived extracts for pharmacological purposes, with the support of relevant in vitro and in vivo experimental data. In short, this review comprehends the information published to date related to conifers’ phytochemicals and illustrates their potential role as drugs.

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Section: Conifers Phytochemicals Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conifers Phytochemicals Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conifers Phytochemicals: A Valuable Forest with Therapeutic Potential

et al. 2021

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“…Terpenoids play important ecological roles in the interactions between plants and ESs [ 84 ]. Different types of stresses can promote or inhibit the production of terpenes [ 85 ]. Additionally, it is well established that many stressors induce a simultaneous increase of ROS, leading to oxidative stress and triggering signaling pathways toward metabolic reprogramming [ 71 ].…”

Section: Metabolic Reprogramming In Plants Responding To Ssmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it is well established that many stressors induce a simultaneous increase of ROS, leading to oxidative stress and triggering signaling pathways toward metabolic reprogramming [ 71 ]. Some studies showed that terpenes exhibit antioxidant activities [ 86 , 87 ], suggesting their functions in overcoming oxidative stress [ 85 ]. Karray-Bouraoui et al [ 88 ] observed that SS enhanced the contents of pulegone, while that of neomenthol was not affected in shoots of Mentha pulegium .…”

Section: Metabolic Reprogramming In Plants Responding To Ssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Salt Tolerance of Plants: From Metabolic Reprogramming to Exogenous Chemical Treatments and Molecular Approaches

Patel

Kumar

et al. 2020

Cells

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Plants grow on soils that not only provide support for root anchorage but also act as a reservoir of water and nutrients important for plant growth and development. However, environmental factors, such as high salinity, hinder the uptake of nutrients and water from the soil and reduce the quality and productivity of plants. Under high salinity, plants attempt to maintain cellular homeostasis through the production of numerous stress-associated endogenous metabolites that can help mitigate the stress. Both primary and secondary metabolites can significantly contribute to survival and the maintenance of growth and development of plants on saline soils. Existing studies have suggested that seed/plant-priming with exogenous metabolites is a promising approach to increase crop tolerance to salt stress without manipulation of the genome. Recent advancements have also been made in genetic engineering of various metabolic genes involved in regulation of plant responses and protection of the cells during salinity, which have therefore resulted in many more basic and applied studies in both model and crop plants. In this review, we discuss the recent findings of metabolic reprogramming, exogenous treatments with metabolites and genetic engineering of metabolic genes for the improvement of plant salt tolerance.

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Histologic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic differences in fir trees from a peri‐urban forest under chronic ozone exposure

Reyes‐Galindo,

Jaramillo‐Correa,

Shishkova

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Urbanization modifies ecosystem conditions and evolutionary processes. This includes air pollution, mostly as tropospheric ozone (O3), which contributes to the decline of urban and peri‐urban forests. A notable case are fir (Abies religiosa) forests in the peripheral mountains southwest of Mexico City, which have been severely affected by O3 pollution since the 1970s. Interestingly, some young individuals exhibiting minimal O3—related damage have been observed within a zone of significant O3 exposure. Using this setting as a natural experiment, we compared asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals of similar age (≤15 years old; n = 10) using histologic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic approaches. Plants were sampled during days of high (170 ppb) and moderate (87 ppb) O3 concentration. Given that there have been reforestation efforts in the region, with plants from different source populations, we first confirmed that all analyzed individuals clustered within the local genetic group when compared to a species‐wide panel (Admixture analysis with ~1.5K SNPs). We observed thicker epidermis and more collapsed cells in the palisade parenchyma of needles from symptomatic individuals than from their asymptomatic counterparts, with differences increasing with needle age. Furthermore, symptomatic individuals exhibited lower concentrations of various terpenes (ß‐pinene, ß‐caryophylene oxide, α‐caryophylene, and ß‐α‐cubebene) than asymptomatic trees, as evidenced through GC–MS. Finally, transcriptomic analyses revealed differential expression for 13 genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, plant defense, and gene regulation. Our results indicate a rapid and contrasting phenotypic response among trees, likely influenced by standing genetic variation and/or plastic mechanisms. They open the door to future evolutionary studies for understanding how O3 tolerance develops in urban environments, and how this knowledge could contribute to forest restoration.

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The variability of terpenes in conifers under developmental and environmental stimuli

Cited by 78 publications

References 102 publications

Conifers Phytochemicals: A Valuable Forest with Therapeutic Potential

Conifers Phytochemicals: A Valuable Forest with Therapeutic Potential

Enhancing Salt Tolerance of Plants: From Metabolic Reprogramming to Exogenous Chemical Treatments and Molecular Approaches

Histologic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic differences in fir trees from a peri‐urban forest under chronic ozone exposure

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