The variability of pharmaceutical granulation

Twin‐screw Granulation Process Development: Present Approaches, Understanding and Needs

“…8.6). However, in case of variations in the material and process inputs, which is inevitable in a pharmaceutical manufacturing environment (Sochon et al, 2010), lack of axial mixing will lead to the same amount of variability in the outlet (middle scheme in Fig. 8.6).…”

Comparison of a continuous ring layer wet granulation process with batch high shear and fluidized bed granulation processes

“…Traditionally used batch wet granulation processes, such as high shear and fluidized bed granulation, suffer from the complexity of scale-up and batch-to-batch variability [2,3]. In addition, several process-related factors as well as equipment and material parameters can affect the batch wet granulation processes which means that they are difficult to control [3][4][5].…”

A Survey of Factors on Design for Manufacture of Chemical Fertilizer Granulating Machine

“…More so is this necessary because the application of fertilizer in Nigeria is very low when compared with the average application in the world as stated by [8]. Granulation as a process of improving flowability and appearance of fertilizers is one of the major processes involved in fertilizer production which transforms fine powders into granules in order to improve the characteristics of materials used as fertilizers and as a means of protecting the end users from hazards such as dust, [9]. Efforts made by past and present government through the combine provisions of importing and producing fertilizer and supply/distribution of fertilizer to farmers at subsidized prices to boost farmers' productivity has not been very successful.…”